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Muhammad Abdul Aziz (Arabic: محمد عبد العزيز; formerly known as Norman 3X Butler; born June 27, 1938) [1] is an American man who was convicted, and later exonerated, for the 1965 assassination of Malcolm X – a conviction that was overturned in November 2021, decades after he was paroled in 1985.
Throughout 1964, Malcolm X's conflict with the Nation of Islam (NOI) intensified, and he was repeatedly threatened. [3] Malcolm X fell out with the NOI, and the group's leader Elijah Muhammad, after Malcolm X's provocative remarks about the assassination of President John F. Kennedy and also after Malcolm X condemned Elijah Muhammad's sexual relationships with several underage girls. [4]
Malcolm X (born Malcolm Little, later el-Hajj Malik el-Shabazz; May 19, 1925 – February 21, 1965) was an African American revolutionary, Muslim minister and human rights activist who was a prominent figure during the civil rights movement until his assassination in 1965.
Butler, now known as Muhammad Abdul Aziz, was paroled in 1985. He became the head of the Nation of Islam's Harlem mosque in New York in 1998. He continues to maintain his innocence. [6] Johnson, who changed his name to Khalil Islam, was released from prison in 1987.
On November 17, 2021, Manhattan district attorney announced that convictions of Muhammad A. Aziz and Khalil Islam, who both served 20 years in prison for the murder of Malcolm X, would be thrown out. [6] In November 2022, Aziz and Islam were awarded a combined total of $26 million by New York City and a further $10 million from the state. [7]
Assassination of Malcolm X; A. Muhammad Abdul Aziz; Audubon Ballroom; H. Thomas Hagan; Hayer affidavits This page was last edited on 25 November 2024, at 05:26 ...
Malcolm X spent much of the time between March 1964 and February 1965 overseas. In his absence, James 67X Shabazz served as the de facto leader of Muslim Mosque, Inc. [3] Between March 1964, when he left the Nation of Islam, and February 1965, when he was assassinated, Malcolm X's philosophy evolved as he traveled through Africa and the Middle ...
The center is home to documents related to Malcolm X and Betty Shabazz. [3] The center is decorated with a 63-foot (19-meter) mural depicting the life of Malcolm X and a life-size bronze statue of the human rights activist. [4] It includes six interactive kiosks that provide information about the lives of Malcolm X and Betty Shabazz. [5]