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The adults can reach more than 10 m (up to 30 ft) in length in some species such as D. latum, with more than 3,000 proglottids. One or several of the tape-like proglottid segments (hence the name tapeworm) regularly detach from the main body of the worm and release immature eggs in freshwater to start the cycle over again.
A proglottid can copulate with itself, with other proglottids in the same worm, or with proglottids in other worms, [2] and hypodermic fertilization sometimes occurs. [5] When a gravid proglottid that is distended with an embryo reaches the end of the strobila, it detaches and passes out of the host intact with feces, [ 4 ] with or without some ...
The adult tapeworm has a scolex (head), a short neck, and a strobila (segmented body) formed of proglottids. Tapeworms anchor themselves to the inside of the intestine of their host using their scolex, which typically has hooks, suckers, or both. They have no mouth, but absorb nutrients directly from the host's gut.
The tapeworm can be almost 40 m (130 ft) in length with as many as 45,000 proglottids (segments). [4] The scolex (head) of the tapeworm is attached to the lining of the gut and the proglottids continuously develop from behind the scolex. As more segments are produced, the older ones become larger and more mature. [5]
The proglottids make up the remainder of the body (everything after the neck), and together are termed the strobilia. As proglottids mature, they develop two sets of reproductive organs, one male and one female. Each proglottid is capable of reproducing via self fertilization. [14] Eggs are typically ovoid in shape with tapered ends. [15]
The mature proglottid is located medially to the other proglottids, and is reproductively functional and hermaphroditic. The most posterior proglottid is the gravid stage, and it is packed with eggs. These eggs are eventually released from the gravid proglottid either through a pore in the proglottid or by disintegration of the proglottid.
The adult tapeworm is hermaphroditic; each proglottid has a complete set of both male and female reproductive organs and produces eggs via self-fertilization. The tapeworm is sensitive to temperature, in addition the species is thermophilic; lower temperatures interfere and delay development and completion of the life cycle.
Pseudophyllid. Pseudophyllid cestodes (former order pseudophyllidea) are tapeworms with multiple "segments" (proglottids) and two bothria or "sucking grooves" as adults. . Proglottids are identifiably pseudophyllid as the genital pore and uterine pore are located on the mid-ventral surface, and the ovary is bilobed ("dumbbell-s