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Rather, blue eyes result from structural color in combination with certain concentrations of non-blue pigments. The iris pigment epithelium is brownish black due to the presence of melanin. [54] Unlike brown eyes, blue eyes have low concentrations of melanin in the stroma of the iris, which lies in front of the dark epithelium.
After cataract surgery, the natural lens, which filters blue light, is replaced with a synthetic lens that allows more blue light to pass through. This sudden increase in blue light reaching the retina causes the brain to perceive a blue tint in vision. This effect is temporary as the brain and eyes gradually adapt to the new lens.
Blue eyes actually contain no blue pigment. The colour is caused by an effect called Tyndall scattering. Blue eyes do not actually contain any blue pigment. Eye colour is determined by two factors: the pigmentation of the eye's iris [48] [49] and the scattering of light by the turbid medium in the stroma of the iris. [50]
The inheritance pattern followed by blue eyes was previously assumed to be a mendelian recessive trait, however, eye color inheritance is now recognized as a polygenic trait, meaning that it is controlled by the interactions of several genes. [57] Blue eyes are predominant in northern and eastern Europe, particularly around the Baltic Sea.
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Many animals have better night vision than humans do, the result of one or more differences in the morphology and anatomy of their eyes. These include having a larger eyeball, a larger lens, a larger optical aperture (the pupils may expand to the physical limit of the eyelids), more rods than cones (or rods exclusively) in the retina , and a ...
These are simultaneously dark and impossibly saturated. For example, to see "stygian blue": staring at bright yellow causes a dark blue afterimage, then on looking at black, the blue is seen as blue against the black, also as dark as the black. The color is not possible to achieve through normal vision, because the lack of incident light (in ...
Dark adaptation of both rods and cones requires the regeneration of the visual pigment from opsin and 11-cis retinal. [13] Therefore, the time required for dark adaptation and pigment regeneration is largely determined by the local concentration of 11-cis retinal and the rate at which it is delivered to the opsin in the bleached rods. [14]