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Paraffin candle. Paraffin wax (or petroleum wax) is a soft colorless solid derived from petroleum, coal, or oil shale that consists of a mixture of hydrocarbon molecules containing between 20 and 40 carbon atoms. It is solid at room temperature and begins to melt above approximately 37 °C (99 °F), [2] and its boiling point is above 370 °C ...
A major component of beeswax is myricyl palmitate which is an ester of triacontanol and palmitic acid. Its melting point is 62–65 °C (144–149 °F). Spermaceti occurs in large amounts in the head oil of the sperm whale. One of its main constituents is cetyl palmitate, another ester of a fatty acid and a fatty alcohol.
Hentriacontane, also called untriacontane, is a solid, long-chain alkane hydrocarbon with the structural formula CH 3 (CH 2) 29 CH 3.It is the main component of paraffin wax.. It is found in a variety of plants, including peas (Pisum sativum), Acacia senegal, Gymnema sylvestre and others, and also comprises about 8–9% of beeswax.
Microcrystalline waxes can generally be put into two categories: "laminating" grades and "hardening" grades. The laminating grades typically have a melting point of 140–175 F (60 – 80 °C) and needle penetration of 25 or above. The hardening grades will range from about 175–200 F (80 – 93 °C), and have a needle penetration of 25 or below.
Petroleum jelly is a mixture of hydrocarbons, with a melting point that depends on the exact proportions. The melting point is typically between 40 and 70 °C (105 and 160 °F). [8] [9] It is flammable only when heated to liquid; then the fumes will light, not the liquid itself, so a wick material is needed to ignite petroleum jelly.
Beeswax has a relatively low melting point range of 62 to 64 °C (144 to 147 °F). If beeswax is heated above 85 °C (185 °F) discoloration occurs. The flash point of beeswax is 204.4 °C (399.9 °F). [8] When natural beeswax is cold, [clarification needed] it is brittle, and its fracture is dry and granular.