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Participatory democracy, participant democracy, participative democracy, or semi-direct democracy is a form of government in which citizens participate individually and directly in political decisions and policies that affect their lives, rather than through elected representatives. [1]
Action research in the workplace took its initial inspiration from Lewin's work on organizational development (and Dewey's emphasis on learning from experience). Lewin's seminal contribution involves a flexible, scientific approach to planned change that proceeds through a spiral of steps, each of which is composed of 'a circle of planning, action, and fact-finding about the result of the ...
List of countries by system of government; List of political ideologies; List of political systems in France; Project Cybersyn, a data fed group of secluded individuals in Chile in the 1970s that regulated aspects of public and private life using data feeds and technology having no interactivity with the citizens but using facts only to decide ...
Pages in category "Participatory democracy" The following 36 pages are in this category, out of 36 total. This list may not reflect recent changes. ...
Negative effects participatory management has that can lead to negative employee perceptions: Individuals develop egotism / arrogance, therefore making a tense environment among the other workers. Egotism / arrogance among workers can lead to supervisors obtaining disgust towards their egotistic employees.
Two leading forms of direct democracy are participatory democracy and deliberative democracy. Semi-direct democracies, in which representatives administer day-to-day governance, but the citizens remain the sovereign, allow for three forms of popular action: referendum (plebiscite), initiative , and recall .
See also References External links A advocacy journalism A type of journalism which deliberately adopts a non- objective viewpoint, usually committed to the endorsement of a particular social or political cause, policy, campaign, organization, demographic, or individual. alternative journalism A type of journalism practiced in alternative media, typically by open, participatory, non ...
In economic development theory, there is a school of participatory development.The desire to increase public participation in humanitarian aid and development has led to the establishment of a numerous context-specific, formal methodologies, matrices, pedagogies and ad hoc approaches.