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The two scientists discovered that saltpeter formed inside the walls of the caves of the doline, under certain conditions of humidity and temperature. [9] Prior to the discovery, nitraries were widespread all over the Kingdom of Naples. Manure was collected by the government and used to make saltpeter, which was a key ingredient for gunpowder ...
Humberstone and Santa Laura Saltpeter Works are two former saltpeter refineries located in northern Chile.They were declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2005, as a testament to the historical importance of saltpeter mining in Chile and the culture and social agenda that developed around it in the late 19th century.
This alkali metal nitrate salt is also known as Chile saltpeter (large deposits of which were historically mined in Chile) [4] [5] to distinguish it from ordinary saltpeter, potassium nitrate. The mineral form is also known as nitratine, nitratite or soda niter. Sodium nitrate is a white deliquescent solid very soluble in water.
Potassium nitrate is a chemical compound with a sharp, salty, bitter taste and the chemical formula K N O 3.It is a potassium salt of nitric acid.This salt consists of potassium cations K + and nitrate anions NO − 3, and is therefore an alkali metal nitrate.
Chacabuco is one of the many abandoned nitrate or "saltpeter" towns ("oficinas salitreras" in Spanish) in the Atacama Desert of northern Chile. [1] Other nitrate towns of the Atacama Desert include Humberstone and Santa Laura Saltpeter Works .
Niter or nitre [5] is the mineral form of potassium nitrate, KNO 3.It is a soft, white, highly soluble mineral found primarily in arid climates or cave deposits. Historically, the term niter was not well differentiated from natron, both of which have been very vaguely defined but generally refer to compounds of sodium or potassium joined with carbonate or nitrate ions.
The competition between guano and saltpeter sharpened and the state finances worsened, despite the fresh money from the saltpeter export tax. [11]: 93 On 28 May 1875 a Nationalization Law was issued; this stipulated that all the nitrate industry in Peru was to be expropriated and their owners compensated according to a property appraisal.
In the sixteenth century, heap leaching became commonly used to extract copper and saltpeter from organic matter. [4] Primarily used in Germany and Spain, pyrite would be brought to the surface and left out in the open. [4] [3] The pyrite would be set outside for months at a time, where rain and air exposure would lead to chemical weathering. [4]