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The Quraysh (Arabic: قُرَيْشٍ, romanized: Qurayš) are an Arab tribe that inhabited and used to control Mecca and the Kaaba.Comprising ten main clans, it includes the Hashim clan into which the Islamic prophet Muhammad was born.
The most prominent of such Arabian tribes were Quraish which were in turn divided into several sub-clans.The Qur'aish sub-clan of Banu Hashim was the clan of Muhammad, while their sister sub-clan, the Banu Abd-Shams became known as his most staunch enemies.
The general consensus among 14th-century Arab genealogists is that Arabs are of three kinds: . Al-Arab al-Ba'ida (Arabic: العرب البائدة), "The Extinct Arabs", were an ancient group of tribes in pre-Islamic Arabia that included the ‘Ād, the Thamud, the Tasm and the Jadis, thelaq (who included branches of Banu al-Samayda), and others.
The name Qureshi, also known as Quraysh, Quraishi, Qurayshi and various other spellings, originates from the Arabic name قريشي, denoting membership in the esteemed Quraish tribe of Mecca, in the Hejaz, present day Saudi Arabia. The prophet Muhammad was also born into the Qureshi tribe of Mecca.
Banu Hashim (Arabic: بنو هاشم, romanized: Banū Hāshim) is an Arab clan within the Quraysh tribe to which the Islamic prophet Muhammad Ibn Abdullah belonged, named after Muhammad's great-grandfather Hashim ibn Abd Manaf.
Bani Shaiba gatekeeper, c.1880 Key to the Ka'ba at the time of Sultan Barquq of Egypt. The Bani Shaiba (Arabic: بني شيبه, lit. ' the sons of Shaiba ') are an Arab clan belonging to the Banu Abd al-Dar sub-clan, that are part of the larger erstwhile Quraysh tribal confederation in the Hejaz region of modern Saudi Arabia.
A number of other Arab tribes used to share these places with them, such as the Quraysh in Mecca, and Kinanah in Jabal al-Abwā’ and Murr al-Ẓahrān and Qudayd. The Arab tribes in general often used to move from one area to another in search of water, something that sometimes led to tribes sharing certain spots.
The Banu Makhzum (Arabic: بنو مخزوم, romanized: Banū Makhzūm) was one of the wealthy clans of the Quraysh.They are regarded as being among the three most powerful and influential clans in Mecca before the advent of Islam, the other two being the Banu Hashim (the tribe of the Islamic prophet Muhammad) and the Banu Umayya.