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The Cry of Pugad Lawin (Filipino: Sigaw sa Pugad Lawin, Spanish: Grito de Pugad Lawin) was the beginning of the Philippine Revolution against the Spanish Empire. [1]In late August 1896, members of the Katipunan [a] led by Andrés Bonifacio revolted somewhere around Caloocan, which included parts of the present-day Quezon City.
Every August 26 until 1961, the Cry of Balintawak, which is widely regarded as the start of the Philippine Revolution, was commemorated at the site. In 1962, the observance's name was officially changed to "Cry of Pugad Lawin" and its date moved to August 23. [4] Historical markers in Vinzons Hall
As a precaution, the rebels moved to Bahay Toro [1]: 34 or Pugad Lawin on August 23. Agoncillo places the Cry and tearing of certificates at this point the house of Juan Ramos at Pugad Lawin. Alvarez writes that they met at the house of Melchora Aquino (known as Tandang Sora, and mother of Juan Ramos) in Bahay Toro on that date.
August 23 – Andres Bonifacio, along with his Katipuneros (Filipino revolutionaries), tear up their cedulas (personal identity documents) at the event known as the "Cry of Pugad Lawin". [1] August 25 – The revolutionaries are attacked by a unit of the Spanish Guardia Civil. [2]
This commemorates the Cry of Pugad Lawin and the start of the Philippine Revolution. [11] In 1974, the Pinaglabanan Shrine was unveiled in San Juan, along Pinaglabanan Street. "Pinaglabanan" is a Tagalog word for "fought over". The present-day San Juan Elementary School stands on the former grounds of the ruined El Polvorín. [12]
From 1911 to 1962, the cry was thought to have emanated from Balintawak (now in modern-day Balingasa, Quezon City) on August 26. [4] In 1963, by recommendation of historian Teodoro Agoncillo, the date was changed to August 23, and the location was changed to Pugad Lawin in Caloocan (now in modern-day Gulod, Novaliches, Quezon City). [5]
The exact date and location are disputed, but two possibilities have been officially endorsed by the Philippine government: initially August 26 in Balintawak, and later August 23 in Pugad Lawin. Thus, the event is called the "Cry of Pugad Lawin" or "Cry of Balintawak".
This flag was first unveiled on August 23, 1896, during the Cry of Pugadlawin where the assembled Katipunan members tore their cedulas (community tax certificates) in defiance of Spanish authority. The flag was used later during the Battle of San Juan del Monte on August 30, 1896, the first major battle of the Philippine Revolution .