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Natural gas burning on a gas stove Burning of natural gas coming out of the ground. Natural gas (also called fossil gas, methane gas, or simply gas) is a naturally occurring mixture of gaseous hydrocarbons consisting primarily of methane (95%) [1] in addition to various smaller amounts of other higher alkanes.
Coal gas is no longer made in the UK but many gasworks sites are still used for storage and metering of natural gas and some of the old gasometers are still in use. Fakenham gasworks dating from 1846 is the only complete, non-operational gasworks remaining in England. Other examples exist at Biggar in Scotland and Carrickfergus in Northern Ireland.
A natural-gas processing plant in Aderklaa, Austria. Natural-gas processing is a range of industrial processes designed to purify raw natural gas by removing contaminants such as solids, water, carbon dioxide (CO 2), hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S), mercury and higher molecular mass hydrocarbons to produce pipeline quality dry natural gas [1] for pipeline distribution and final use. [2]
The heating value depends on the source of gas that is used and the process that is used to liquefy the gas. The range of heating value can span ±10 to 15 percent. A typical value of the higher heating value of LNG is approximately 50 MJ/kg or 21,500 BTU/lb. [2] A typical value of the lower heating value of LNG is 45 MJ/kg or 19,350 BTU/lb.
Substitute natural gas (SNG), or synthetic natural gas, is a fuel gas (predominantly methane, CH 4) that can be produced from fossil fuels such as lignite coal, oil shale, or from biofuels (when it is named bio-SNG) or using electricity with power-to-gas systems.
Natural gasoline is a liquid hydrocarbon mixture condensed from natural gas, similar to common gasoline (petrol) derived from petroleum. The chemical composition of natural gasoline is mostly five- and six-carbon alkanes ( pentanes and hexanes ) with smaller amounts of alkanes with longer chains. [ 1 ]
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Drip gas, so named because it can be drawn off the bottom of small chambers (called drips) sometimes installed in pipelines from gas wells, is another name for natural-gas condensate, a naturally occurring form of gasoline obtained as a byproduct of natural gas extraction. It is also known as "condensate", "natural gasoline", "casing head gas ...