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A top-bar hive is a single-story frameless beehive in which the comb hangs from removable bars. The bars form a continuous roof over the comb, whereas the frames in most current hives allow space for bees to move up or down between boxes.
The management technique that yields the highest amount of wax per hive is the top-bar hive. During the harvest of the honey from top-bar hives the whole honey comb is removed and crushed to extract the honey. The commercial honey producers use Langstroth hive frames. The honey extraction process yields beeswax from the uncapping process.
One top bar: It has two ears from which the frame hangs in the hive box. These are the only contact points with the box. Since L. L. Langstroth (around 1851), the middle part of the top bar is thicker, usually twice as thick as the ears (see picture above). It significantly reduces the building of wax over and between the frames.
Modern top bar hive. A Horizontal top-bar hive is a single-story, frameless beehive in which the comb hangs from removable bars that form a continuous roof over the comb, whereas the frames in most current hives allow space for bees to move between boxes. Hives that have frames or that use honey chambers in summer and use management principles ...
The top bars form a continuous roof over the hive chamber, unlike conventional frames which offer a bee-space gap so that the bees can move up and down between hive boxes. The beekeeper does not usually provide foundation wax (or provides only a small starter piece of foundation) for the bees to build from.
Foundation is not usually used in top-bar applications (where no frames are used) such as Top Bar Hives or Warre Hives except sometimes as starter strips. Wax foundation has some advantages over letting bees build their own comb: It provides a guide for bees to build straight comb.
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