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The word pidgin, formerly also spelled pigion, [9] was first applied to Chinese Pidgin English, but was later generalized to refer to any pidgin. [11] Pidgin may also be used as the specific name for local pidgins or creoles, in places where they are spoken. For example, the name of the creole language Tok Pisin derives from the English words ...
Pidgins that are spoken as first languages become creoles. English-based pidgins that became stable contact languages, and which have some documentation, include the following: Aboriginal Pidgin English; Native American Pidgin English; Cameroonian Pidgin English; Chinese Pidgin English; Butler English (India) Ghanaian Pidgin English; Hawaiian ...
This is a list of pidgins, creoles, mixed languages and cants that are based or partially based on Indo-European languages. Pidgins. Germanic–Slavic. English ...
According to the monogenetic theory of pidgins, sabir was a basic word in Mediterranean Lingua Franca, brought to West Africa through Portuguese pidgin. An English cognate is savvy.) Also, pikin or "pickaninny" comes from the Portuguese words pequeno and pequenino, which mean "small" and "small child" respectively. [15]
Tok originates from English talk, but has a wider application, also meaning 'word, speech, language'. Pisin derives from the English word pidgin; the latter, in turn, may originate in the word business, which is descriptive of the typical development and use of pidgins as inter-ethnic trade languages.
West African Pidgin English arose during the period of the transatlantic slave trade as a language of commerce between British and African slave traders. Portuguese merchants were the first Europeans to trade in West Africa beginning in the 15th century, and West African Pidgin English contains numerous words of Portuguese origin such as sabi ('to know'), a derivation of the Portuguese saber. [3]
Written during the latter part of the 17th century, a total of 16 pages containing 517 words and short sentences, and 46 numerals. [6] [7] Vocabula Biscaica ("Biscayan words"). A copy written during the 18th century by Jón Ólafsson, the original is lost. It contains a total of 229 words and short sentences, and 49 numerals.
Australian Aboriginal Pidgin English is any of a number of English contact pidgins spoken or once spoken in Australia: Port Jackson Pidgin English (New South Wales) Queensland Kanaka English; South Australian Pidgin English