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Tanning, or hide tanning, is the process of treating skins and hides of animals to produce leather. A tannery is the place where the skins are processed. Historically, vegetable based tanning used tannin , an acidic chemical compound derived from the bark of certain trees, in the production of leather.
Tanning may refer to: Tanning (leather), treating animal skins to produce leather; Sun tanning, using the sun to darken pale skin Indoor tanning, the use of artificial light in place of the sun; Sunless tanning, application of a stain or dye to the skin (active ingredient in tanning lotion products is dihydroxyacetone (DHA)).
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Leather is a strong, flexible and durable material obtained from the tanning, or chemical treatment, of animal skins and hides to prevent decay. The most common leathers come from cattle , sheep , goats, equine animals, buffalo, pigs and hogs, and aquatic animals such as seals and alligators.
splitting - the leather is split into one or more horizontal layers. shaving - the leather is thinned using a machine which cuts leather fibres off. neutralisation - the pH of the leather is adjusted to a value between 4.5 and 6.5. retanning - additional tanning agents are added to impart properties. dyeing - the leather is coloured.
Chromium tanning is the most popular tanning method as 90% of all leather in the world is processed this way. [13] Alligator hide is also tanned using the Chromium process. [ 14 ] A reason many tanneries choose to use chromium is due to the final leather product being more durable and stretchy, ideal for leather accessories and garments.
Early 20th century currier's knife manufactured by Nicolai Clasen, Hamburg, Germany. A currier is a specialist in the leather-processing trade.After the tanning process, the currier [1] applies techniques of dressing, finishing and colouring to a tanned hide to make it strong, flexible and waterproof. [2]
Overshot waterwheel at Combe House Hotel in Holford, Somerset, England. Bark mill - 1892 illustration in Popular Science Monthly Volume 41. Bark mills, also known as Catskill's mills, are water, steam, horse, ox or wind-powered edge mills [1] used to process the bark, roots, and branches of various tree species into a fine powder known as tanbark, used for tanning leather.