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Luminous efficacy can be normalized by the maximum possible luminous efficacy to a dimensionless quantity called luminous efficiency.The distinction between efficacy and efficiency is not always carefully maintained in published sources, so it is not uncommon to see "efficiencies" expressed in lumens per watt, or "efficacies" expressed as a percentage.
A standard 100 watt incandescent light bulb emits approximately 1700 lumens in North America and around 1300 lumens in 220 V areas of the world. See luminous efficacy for the specific efficiency of various types of electric light sources.
Fluorescent lamps convert more of the input power to visible light than incandescent lamps. A typical 100 watt tungsten filament incandescent lamp may convert only 5% of its power input to visible white light (400–700 nm wavelength), whereas typical fluorescent lamps convert about 22% of the power input to visible white light. [32]: 20
For example, a 100-watt, 120-volt lamp has a resistance of 144 ohms when lit, but the cold resistance is much lower (about 9.5 ohms). [76] [b] Since incandescent lamps are resistive loads, simple phase-control TRIAC dimmers can be used to control brightness. Electrical contacts may carry a "T" rating symbol indicating that they are designed to ...
The sensitivity of the human eye to various wavelengths. Assuming each wavelength equals 1 watt of radiant energy, only the center wavelength is perceived as 683 candelas (1 watt of luminous energy), equaling 683 lumens. The vertical colored-lines represent the 589 (yellow) sodium line, and popular 532 nm (green), 671 nm (red), 473 nm (blue ...
High-lumen retrofit lamps for 40W T12 lamps in North America. Popular tube diameter in Japan; Circular 32W and 40W T10 lamps (Older versions of the 32W and 40W T9 lamps) T12 T38 1 + 1 ⁄ 2: 38.1 G13 bi-pin; Fa8 single-pin; R17d recessed double contact; One of the first diameters of fluorescent lamps, with the 15W T12 and 20W T12 having been ...
The lumen (symbol: lm) is the unit of luminous flux, a measure of the perceived power of visible light emitted by a source, in the International System of Units (SI). Luminous flux differs from power ( radiant flux ), which encompasses all electromagnetic waves emitted, including non-visible ones such as thermal radiation ( infrared ).
Lumen maintenance is the most useful gauge to determine the lifetime or useful light output rating of an LED light source. Unlike traditional light sources such as incandescent lamps, LEDs rarely fail outright and instead continue to emit light, albeit at slowly diminishing rate over time. [ 1 ]