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7-Hydroxymitragynine (7-OH) is a terpenoid indole alkaloid from the plant Mitragyna speciosa, commonly known as kratom. [2] It was first described in 1994 [3] and is a human metabolite metabolized from mitragynine present in the Mitragyna speciosa. 7-OH binds to opioid receptors like mitragynine, but research suggests that 7-OH binds with greater efficacy.
In Thai varieties of kratom, mitragynine is the most abundant component (up to 66% of total alkaloids), while 7-hydroxymitragynine (7-OH) is a minor constituent (up to 2% of total alkaloid content). In Malaysian kratom varieties, mitragynine is present at lower concentration (12% of total alkaloids). [ 5 ]
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 26 February 2025. Plant species, recreational drug (kratom) Mitragyna speciosa Conservation status Least Concern (IUCN 3.1) Scientific classification Kingdom: Plantae Clade: Tracheophytes Clade: Angiosperms Clade: Eudicots Clade: Asterids Order: Gentianales Family: Rubiaceae Genus: Mitragyna Species: M ...
Mitragynine pseudoindoxyl is a μ-opioid receptor agonist and δ-opioid receptor antagonist.It is a G protein biased agonist at the μ-opioid receptor, which may be responsible for its favorable side effect profile compared to conventional opioids. [3]
Acute use (1–3 days) yields a potency about 1.5× stronger than that of morphine and chronic use (7 days+) yields a potency about 2.5 to 5× that of morphine. Similarly, the effect of tramadol increases after consecutive dosing due to the accumulation of its active metabolite and an increase of the oral bioavailability in chronic use.
Erowid, also called Erowid Center, is a non-profit educational organization that provides information about psychoactive plants and chemicals. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] Erowid documents legal and illegal substances, including their intended and adverse effects.
What are the health benefits of erythritol? Sugar alcohols contain fewer calories than sugar, Wright says. The also don't cause blood sugar surges. Lyon says this can be beneficial for people ...
Ether extracts about 1–7% of the dried leaf mass. [27] Vachellia sieberiana, DMT, in the leaf [9] Acacia simplex, DMT and NMT, in the leaf, stem and trunk bark, 0.81% DMT in bark, MMT [9] [43] Vachellia tortilis, DMT, NMT, and other tryptamines [33] Acacia vestita, Tryptamine, in the leaf and stem, [9] but less than 0.02% total alkaloids [15]