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Parkinson's disease (PD), or simply Parkinson's, is a neurodegenerative disease primarily of the central nervous system, affecting both motor and non-motor systems. Symptoms typically develop gradually, with non-motor issues becoming more prevalent as the disease progresses.
Parkinson's disease (PD), the second most common neurodegenerative disease after Alzheimer's disease, affects 1% of people over 60 years of age. [1] [2] [3] In the past three decades, the number of PD cases has doubled globally from 2.5 million in 1990 to 6.1 million in 2016. [4] [5] As of 2022, there are ~10 million PD cases globally. [6]
Parkinsonism is a clinical syndrome characterized by the four motor symptoms found in Parkinson's disease: tremor, bradykinesia (slowed movements), rigidity, and postural instability. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Parkinsonism gait problems can lead to falls and serious physical injuries.
Studies have shown that a GLP-1 drug, exenatide, sufficiently crosses the blood-brain barrier in rodent models of Parkinson’s disease, leading to improvements in motor performance, behavior ...
Parkinson's disease is a degenerative disorder of the central nervous system that results due to the death of dopamine producing cells within the central nervous system. Because of the death of these cells, less dopamine is available within the brain, resulting in tremors and other side effects within motor functions.
This combination was believed to alter these effects of Parkinson's disease. [24] In the short term, this combination had brought positive results as behaviours of these patients had improved. [ 24 ] Yet these researchers found that in the long-term this combination provided a reverse effect, accelerating the cognitive slowing of the brain ...