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Saline solution for irrigation. Normal saline (NSS, NS or N/S) is the commonly used phrase for a solution of 0.90% w/v of NaCl, 308 mOsm/L or 9.0 g per liter. Less commonly, this solution is referred to as physiological saline or isotonic saline (because it is approximately isotonic to blood serum, which makes it a physiologically normal solution).
Note: ρ is density, n is refractive index at 589 nm, [clarification needed] and η is viscosity, all at 20 °C; T eq is the equilibrium temperature between two phases: ice/liquid solution for T eq < 0–0.1 °C and NaCl/liquid solution for T eq above 0.1 °C.
Sodium chloride / ˌ s oʊ d i ə m ˈ k l ɔːr aɪ d /, [8] commonly known as edible salt, is an ionic compound with the chemical formula NaCl, representing a 1:1 ratio of sodium and chlorine ions. It is transparent or translucent, brittle, hygroscopic , and occurs as the mineral halite .
One important invention that resulted from the discovery of the mineral acids is aqua regia, a mixture of nitric acid and hydrochloric acid in a 1:3 proportion, capable of dissolving gold. This was first described in pseudo-Geber 's De inventione veritatis ("On the Discovery of Truth", after c. 1300 ), where aqua regia was prepared by adding ...
The United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and Cosmetic Ingredient Review expert panels both suggest that alpha hydroxy acids are safe to use as long as they are sold at low concentrations, pH levels greater than 3.5, and include thorough safety instructions.
The following species and equilibria are present in NaOCl/NaCl solutions: [21] HOCl(aq) ⇌ H + + OCl − HOCl(aq) + Cl − + H + ⇌ Cl 2 (aq) + H 2 O Cl 2 (aq) + Cl − ⇌ Cl − 3 Cl 2 (aq) ⇌ Cl 2 (g) The second equilibrium equation above will be shifted to the right if the chlorine Cl 2 is allowed to escape as gas.
Hydroxylammonium chloride is a chemical compound with the formula [NH 3 OH] + Cl −.It is the hydrochloric acid salt of hydroxylamine (NH 2 OH).Hydroxylamine is a biological intermediate in nitrification (biological oxidation of ammonia with oxygen into nitrite) and in anammox (biological oxidation of nitrite and ammonium into dinitrogen gas) which are important in the nitrogen cycle in soil ...
C 2 H Cl 3 O 2: Molar mass: 163.38 g·mol −1 Appearance Colorless to white, crystalline solid Odor: Sharp, pungent [1] Density: 1.63 g/cm 3: Melting point: 57 to 58 °C (135 to 136 °F; 330 to 331 K) [2] Boiling point: 196 to 197 °C (385 to 387 °F; 469 to 470 K) [2]