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  2. Epistemology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epistemology

    Epistemology is the branch of philosophy that examines the nature, origin, and limits of knowledge.Also called "theory of knowledge", it explores different types of knowledge, such as propositional knowledge about facts, practical knowledge in the form of skills, and knowledge by acquaintance as a familiarity through experience.

  3. Outline of epistemology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outline_of_epistemology

    Computational epistemology; Historical epistemology – study of the historical conditions of, and changes in, different kinds of knowledge; Meta-epistemology – metaphilosophical study of the subject, matter, methods and aims of epistemology and of approaches to understanding and structuring knowledge of knowledge itself

  4. Metaepistemology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metaepistemology

    Metaepistemology is a branch of both metaphilosophy and epistemology. [2] It is a reflective or higher-order discipline that takes ordinary epistemology as its subject matter, which itself is a first-order or substantive discipline. [3]

  5. Philosophy of testimony - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philosophy_of_testimony

    The philosophy of testimony (also, epistemology of testimony) considers the nature of language and knowledge's confluence, which occurs when beliefs are transferred between speakers and hearers through testimony. [1] Testimony constitutes words, gestures, or utterances that convey beliefs. [2]

  6. Introduction to Objectivist Epistemology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Introduction_to...

    The monograph includes chapters outlining the Objectivist theory of how higher-order concepts are formed ("Abstraction from Abstraction"), how measurement applies to phenomena of consciousness, the nature and cognitive significance of definitions (including a defense of essence as being "epistemological" not "metaphysical"), a theory of ...

  7. Episteme - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Episteme

    For Foucault, an épistémè is the guiding unconsciousness of subjectivity within a given epoch – subjective parameters which form an historical a priori. [5]: xxii He uses the term épistémè (French pronunciation:) in his The Order of Things, in a specialized sense to mean the historical, non-temporal, a priori knowledge that grounds truth and discourses, thus representing the condition ...

  8. Justification (epistemology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Justification_(epistemology)

    Justification (also called epistemic justification) is a property of beliefs that fulfill certain norms about what a person should believe. [1] [2] Epistemologists often identify justification as a component of knowledge distinguishing it from mere true opinion. [3]

  9. Epistemological realism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epistemological_realism

    Epistemological realism is a philosophical position, a subcategory of objectivism, holding that what can be known about an object exists independently of one's mind. [1] It is opposed to epistemological idealism.