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Most fish species spawn eggs that are fertilized externally, typically with the male inseminating the eggs after the female lays them. These eggs do not have a shell and would dry out in the air. Even air-breathing amphibians lay their eggs in water, or in protective foam as with the Coast foam-nest treefrog, Chiromantis xerampelina.
Some fish have evolved to exploit the mouthbrooding behaviour of other species. Synodontis multipunctatus, also known as the cuckoo catfish, combines mouthbrooding with the behavior of a brood parasite: it eats the host mouthbrooder's eggs, while spawning and simultaneously laying and fertilizing its own eggs. The mouthbrooder (typically a ...
The nests are constructed as a place for fertilized eggs to be deposited while incubating and guarded by one or both parents (usually solely the male) until the fry hatch. Bubble nests can also be found in the habitats of domesticated male betta fish. Nests found in these types of habitats indicate a healthy and happy fish. [2]
Brightly coloured fish with large fins, such as male guppies, should be avoided, as they may invite fin nipping by the male betta. Potential tankmates should usually be added before the male betta so they can establish their respective territories beforehand, rather than compete with the betta. [citation needed]
In many cases, the eggs are dependent on the male for oxygen and nutrition so these fish can be further defined as viviparous livebearers. [citation needed] Many cichlids are mouthbrooders, with the female (or more rarely the male) incubating the eggs in the mouth. Compared with other cichlids, these species produce fewer but bigger eggs, and ...
Male and female individuals of Betta imbellis can live together outside of breeding season, as well as getting together for breeding. Males will build a bubble nest before breeding. After mating, the male catches the falling eggs and places them in his bubble nest. In 1–2 days, the eggs hatch and continue to absorb their yolk sack for 2 days.
A male fish fertilizes the eggs, and both then work together to protect the eggs/babies from danger until they can defend themselves. In the second method, the male fish uses its anal fin to transmit sperm into the female fish and fertilize the fish eggs. Later, the female gives live birth to her fry.
Betta compuncta reproduces sexually and is a paternal mouthbrooder, with males of the species incubating eggs for about 12 to 18 days, although incubation time can vary with water temperature. [4] Male individuals of Betta compuncta tend to have broader heads than females. The ovaries of female individuals can be seen under a spotlight. [5]