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A person receiving a skin allergy test. A microscopic amount of an allergen is introduced to a patient's skin by various means: [1] Skin prick test: pricking the skin with a needle or pin containing a small amount of the allergen. [2] Skin scratch test: a deep dermic scratch is performed with help of the blunt bottom of a lancet. [3]
With regard to morphology, the initial lesion that characterizes a condition is known as the "primary lesion", and identification of such a lesions is the most important aspect of the cutaneous examination. [30] Over time, these primary lesions may continue to develop or be modified by regression or trauma, producing "secondary lesions". [1]
A patch test relies on the principle of a type IV hypersensitivity reaction.. The first step in becoming allergic is sensitization. When skin is exposed to an allergen, the antigen-presenting cells (APCs) – also known as Langerhans cell or Dermal Dendritic Cell – phagocytize the substance, break it down to smaller components and present them on their surface bound major histocompatibility ...
The skin weighs an average of four kilograms, covers an area of two square metres, and is made of three distinct layers: the epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous tissue. [1] The two main types of human skin are: glabrous skin, the hairless skin on the palms and soles (also referred to as the "palmoplantar" surfaces), and hair-bearing skin. [3]
A papule is a small, well-defined bump in the skin. [2] It may have a rounded, pointed or flat top, and may have a dip. [2] It can appear with a stalk, be thread-like or look warty. [3] It can be soft or firm and its surface may be rough or smooth. [2] Some have crusts or scales. [2]
Other factors that might worsen the condition include hot water, scratching psoriasis skin lesions, skin dryness, excessive alcohol consumption, cigarette smoking, and obesity. [ 35 ] [ 42 ] [ 43 ] [ 44 ] The effects of stopping cigarette smoking or alcohol misuse have yet to be studied as of 2019.
Surgical pathology is one of the primary areas of practice for most anatomical pathologists. Surgical pathology involves the gross and microscopic examination of surgical specimens, as well as biopsies submitted by surgeons and non-surgeons such as general internists , medical subspecialists , dermatologists , and interventional radiologists .
Nursing assessment is the gathering of information about a patient's physiological, psychological, sociological, and spiritual status by a licensed Registered Nurse.Nursing assessment is the first step in the nursing process.