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It was similar in form to the palla, which had been worn by respectable Roman women since the mid-Republican era. [1] It was a rectangular length of cloth, [2] as was the himation in ancient Greece. It was usually made from wool [3] or flax, but for the higher classes it could be made of silk with the use of gold threads [4] and embroideries.
Clothing in ancient Rome generally comprised a short-sleeved or sleeveless, knee-length tunic for men and boys, and a longer, usually sleeved tunic for women and girls. On formal occasions, adult male citizens could wear a woolen toga , draped over their tunic, and married citizen women wore a woolen mantle, known as a palla , over a stola , a ...
It was worn as a symbol and represented a woman's marital status, and it was also worn by the Roman Vestal priestesses. [ 14 ] [ 15 ] There are no physical remains of any stola . The matron’s stola usually served as an intermediate garment and was worn over the undertunic ( subucula ) and under the cloak ( pallium ).
Statue of the Emperor Tiberius showing a draped toga of the 1st century AD. The toga (/ ˈ t oʊ ɡ ə /, Classical Latin: [ˈt̪ɔ.ɡa]), a distinctive garment of Ancient Rome, was a roughly semicircular cloth, between 12 and 20 feet (3.7 and 6.1 m) in length, draped over the shoulders and around the body.
Statue of Livia Drusilla wearing a stola and palla.. The palla was an elegant cloak or mantle that was wrapped around the body. It was worn outside the house by (affluent) Roman women.
Wool remained the most popular fabric for all classes, followed by linen and hemp. [61] Wool fabrics were available in a wide range of qualities, from rough undyed cloth to fine, dense broadcloth with a velvety nap; high-value broadcloth was a backbone of the English economy and was exported throughout Europe. [68]
Women priests played a prominent and crucial role in the official religion of Rome. Although the state colleges of male priests were far more numerous, the six women of the college of Vestals were Rome's only "full-time professional clergy". [137] Sacerdos, plural sacerdotes, was the Latin word for a priest of either gender.
Palla, delicate women's poses, features, and material, was the aim of Rome's social control approach, which alludes to Livia, whose statues popularized the representation of the stola. [14] Family members adopting aspects of the emperor's physiognomy emphasize family cohesion in imperial portraits. [ 15 ]