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The Sumerian King List (SKL) records a dynasty of six kings from Mari enjoying hegemony between the dynasty of Adab and the dynasty of Kish. [1] The names of the Mariote kings were damaged on the early copies of the list, [2] and those kings were correlated with historical kings that belonged to the second kingdom. [3]
He was a contemporary of Zimri-Lim of Mari (r. 1775-1761 BC) and Hammurabi of Babylon (r. 1792-1750 BC). The King of Elam connected with the military expedition is not mentioned in the texts from Mari as an aggressor, but for chronological reasons it was most likely Siwe-Palar-Khuppak , who tried to get control over Mesopotamia, attacked ...
However, the king's name is read as Ishtup-Ishar by Alfonso Archi, Ishar being an important justice deity worshiped in Mari and Ebla. [ 3 ] In a letter written by the later Mariote king Enna-Dagan , Ishar is attested conquering and destroying the Eblaite cities of Lalanium and Emar .
The earliest attested king in the letter of Enna-Dagan is Ansud, who is mentioned as attacking Ebla, the traditional rival of Mari with whom it had a long war, [25] and conquering many of Ebla's cities, including the land of Belan. [note 4] [24] The next king mentioned in the letter is Saʿumu, who conquered the lands of Ra'ak and Nirum.
The fact that Zimri-Lim became king with the help of Yamhad meant that Mari was a semi-client state of Yamhad, [11] and in the correspondence between Zimri-Lim and Hammurabi's father Yarim-Lim I, the king of Mari calls Yarim-Lim his father. This situation helped Yamhad's trade because of Mari's location between Babylon and Aleppo.
Yahdunlim (or Yakhdunlim, Yahdun-Lim) was the king of Mari probably in 1820—1796 BC. He was of Amorite origin, and became king after the death of his father Iagitlim. Yahdunlim built Mari up to become one of the major powers of the region. He led a successful campaign to the coast of the Mediterranean.
A main target for expansion was the city of Mari, which controlled the caravan route between Anatolia and Mesopotamia. King Yahdun-Lim of Mari (fl. c. 1800 BC – c. 1700 BC) was assassinated by his own servants (possibly on Shamshi-Adad I's orders.) The heir to the throne of Mari, Zimri-Lim, was forced to flee to Yamhad. Shamshi-Adad I seized ...
It is unclear how this bead came to be in Mari, but this points to some kind of relation between Ur and Mari at that time. [9] The bead was discovered in a jar containing other objects from Ur or Kish. [16] The letter of Enna-Dagan is extremely difficult to read, [17] and the word "Sa'umu" appeared in three passages of it. [3]