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Proximal diabetic neuropathy, also known as diabetic amyotrophy, is a complication of diabetes mellitus that affects the nerves that supply the thighs, hips, buttocks and/or lower legs. Proximal diabetic neuropathy is a type of diabetic neuropathy characterized by muscle wasting, weakness, pain, or changes in sensation/numbness of the leg.
Globally diabetic neuropathy affects approximately 132 million people as of 2010 (1.9% of the population). [41] Diabetes is the leading known cause of neuropathy in developed countries, and neuropathy is the most common complication and greatest source of morbidity and mortality in diabetes.
Type 2 diabetes (T2D), formerly known as adult-onset diabetes, is a form of diabetes mellitus that is characterized by high blood sugar, insulin resistance, and relative lack of insulin. [6]
Diabetic neuropathy, Neuropathies in diabetes may cause sensory, mononeuritis, and autonomic neuropathy symptoms, muscle weakness, and potentially life-threatening complications like diabetic foot syndrome (Diabetic amyotrophy) and myocardial infarctions. Intensive insulin therapy is recommended to reduce neuropathy risk, while oral ...
Mutation of CNBP gene causes type 2 (DM2). [1] DM is typically inherited, following an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern, [1] and it generally worsens with each generation. [1] A type of DM1 may be apparent at birth. [1] DM2 is generally milder. [1] Diagnosis is confirmed by genetic testing. [2] There is no cure. [3]
The enzyme, namely aldose reductase, is also expressed in the endothelial and Schwann cells of the peripheral nervous system, contributing to diabetic neuropathy. [ 6 ] Over time, pericyte death may result in reduced capillary integrity; subsequently, there is leaking of albumin and other proteins into fluid compartments.
Prevention of diabetic foot may include optimising metabolic control via the regulation of blood glucose levels; identification and screening of people at high risk for diabetic foot ulceration, especially those with advanced painless neuropathy; and patient education in order to promote foot self-examination and foot care knowledge.
Treatment of dysautonomia can be difficult; since it is made up of many different symptoms, a combination of drug therapies is often required to manage individual symptomatic complaints. In the case of autoimmune neuropathy, treatment with immunomodulatory therapies is done. If diabetes mellitus is the cause, control of blood glucose is ...