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Ezra (fl. 480–440 BCE) [a][b] was an important Jewish scribe (sofer) and priest (kohen) in the early Second Temple period. In the Greek Septuagint, the name is rendered as Ésdrās (Ἔσδρας), from which the Latin name Esdras comes. His name is probably a shortened Aramaic translation of the Hebrew name עזריהו (Azaryahu ...
The education of scribes in ancient Israel was supported by the state, although some scribal arts could have been taught within a small number of families. [78] Some scribes also copied documents, but this was not necessarily part of their job. [79] [page needed] Jewish scribes at the Tomb of Ezekiel in Iraq, c. 1914
According to Josephus, Baruch was a Jewish aristocrat, a son of Neriah and brother of Seraiah ben Neriah, chamberlain of King Zedekiah of Judah. [2][3] Baruch became the scribe of the prophet Jeremiah and wrote down the first and second editions of his prophecies as they were dictated to him. [4] Baruch remained true to the teachings and ideals ...
According to Jewish tradition the Great Assembly (Hebrew: כְּנֶסֶת הַגְּדוֹלָה, romanized: Knesset HaGedolah, also translated as Great Synagogue or Synod) was an assembly of possibly 120 scribes, sages, and prophets, which existed from the early Second Temple period (around 516 BCE) to the early Hellenistic period (which began in the region with Alexander's conquest in 332 ...
Ben Sira. Ben Sira or Joshua ben Sirach (Hebrew: שמעון בן יהושע בן אליעזר בן סירא, romanized: šimʿon ben yəhošuʿ ben ʾəliʿezer ben Sirā) (fl. 2nd century BCE) was a Hellenistic Jewish scribe, sage, and allegorist from Seleucid -controlled Jerusalem of the Second Temple period. He is the author of the Book of ...
At other times, scribes intentionally added clarifications or theological material. In the Middle Ages, Jewish scribes produced the Masoretic Text, which became the authoritative version of the Tanakh. [54] Ancient Hebrew was written without vowels, but the Masoretes added vowel markings to the text to ensure accuracy. [55]
The Masoretes (Hebrew: בַּעֲלֵי הַמָּסוֹרָה, romanized: Baʿălēy Hammāsōrā, lit. 'Masters of the Tradition') were groups of Jewish scribe-scholars who worked from around the end of the 5th through 10th centuries CE, [1] [2] based primarily in the Jewish centers of the Levant (e.g. Tiberias and Jerusalem) and Mesopotamia (e.g. Sura and Nehardea). [3]
The history of ancient Israel and Judah spans from the early appearance of the Israelites in Canaan 's hill country during the late second millennium BCE, to the establishment and subsequent downfall of the two Israelite kingdoms in the mid-first millennium BCE. This history unfolds within the Southern Levant during the Iron Age.