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Ancient Hebrew writings are texts written in Biblical Hebrew using the Paleo-Hebrew alphabet before the destruction of the Second Temple in 70 CE. The earliest known precursor to Hebrew, an inscription in the Paleo-Hebrew alphabet , is the Khirbet Qeiyafa Inscription (11th–10th century BCE), [ 1 ] if it can be considered Hebrew at that early ...
The Hebrew alphabet is a script that was derived from the Aramaic alphabet during the Persian, Hellenistic and Roman periods (c.500 BCE – 50 CE). It replaced the Paleo-Hebrew alphabet which was used in the earliest epigraphic records of the Hebrew language.
The Paleo-Hebrew script (Hebrew: הכתב העברי הקדום), also Palaeo-Hebrew, Proto-Hebrew or Old Hebrew, is the writing system found in Canaanite and Aramaic inscriptions, including pre-Biblical and Biblical Hebrew, from southern Canaan, also known as the biblical kingdoms of Israel (Samaria) and Judah. It is considered to be the ...
Modern Hebrew is the primary official language of the State of Israel. As of 2013 [update], there are about 9 million Hebrew speakers worldwide, [ 81 ] of whom 7 million speak it fluently. [ 82 ][ 83 ][ 84 ] Currently, 90% of Israeli Jews are proficient in Hebrew, and 70% are highly proficient. [ 85 ]
Hebrew literature consists of ancient, medieval, and modern writings in the Hebrew language. It is one of the primary forms of Jewish literature, though there have been cases of literature written in Hebrew by non-Jews. [1] Hebrew literature was produced in many different parts of the world throughout the medieval and modern eras, while ...
World Jewish population around 7.7 million, 90% in Europe, mostly Eastern Europe; around 3.5 million in the former Polish provinces. 1881–1884, 1903–1906, 1918–1920. Three major waves of pogroms kill tens of thousands of Jews in Russia and Ukraine. More than two million Russian Jews emigrate in the period 1881–1920.
Liturgical Jewish poetry (Piyyut) flourished in the Byzantine Palestine in the seventh and eighth centuries with the writings of Yose ben Yose, Yanai, and Eleazar Kalir. [1] Later Spanish, Provençal, and Italian poets wrote both religious and secular poems. Particularly prominent poets were Solomon ibn Gabirol and Yehuda Halevi.
The Ketuvim (/ kətuːˈviːm, kəˈtuːvɪm /; [1] Biblical Hebrew: כְּתוּבִים, romanized: Kǝṯuḇim, lit. 'Writings') [2] is the third and final section of the Hebrew Bible, after the Torah ("instruction") and the Nevi'im "Prophets". In English translations of the Hebrew Bible, this section is usually titled "Writings" or ...