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Giving succinylcholine to people with conditions such as burns, trauma, infection, prolonged immobilisation can cause hyperkalemia due to widespread activation of acetylcholine receptors rather than a specific group of muscles. Arginine hydrochloride is used to treat refractory metabolic alkalosis. The arginine ions can enter cells and displace ...
Hyperkalemia means the concentration of potassium in the blood is too high. This occurs when the concentration of potassium is >5 mEq/L. [3] [14] It can lead to cardiac arrhythmias and even death. [3] As such it is considered to be the most dangerous electrolyte disturbance. [3]
Hyperkalemia is the most serious adverse reaction to potassium. Hyperkalemia occurs when potassium builds up faster than the kidneys can remove it. It is most common in individuals with renal failure. Symptoms of hyperkalemia may include tingling of the hands and feet, muscular weakness, and temporary paralysis.
Most outpatient cases are due to primary hyperparathyroidism and inpatient cases due to cancer. [1] Other causes of hypercalcemia include sarcoidosis , tuberculosis , Paget disease , multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN), vitamin D toxicity , familial hypocalciuric hypercalcaemia and certain medications such as lithium and hydrochlorothiazide .
White blood cells keep churning out cytokines, which leads to a constant state of inflammation, making it more difficult for the immune system to detect and attack cancer cells.
Hyperkalemia. Potassium is mainly an intracellular ion.High turnover of tumor cells leads to spill of potassium into the blood. Symptoms usually do not manifest until levels are high (> 6.5 mmol/L) [normal 3.5–5.0 mmol/L] and they include [8]