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Steam blocking is done by hovering a hot, steaming iron over the fabric. Hovering the iron about 1 or 2 inches above the fabric flattens the stitch, makes it thinner, and allows it to hold its shape better. This is the only method that works for blocking synthetics, like acrylic.
Enamelled metal shelves or drawers may be used, or acid-free boxes. The textiles may be placed in the boxes or drawers flat, if at all possible. If folding becomes necessary, acid-free tissue paper should be used to form soft rolls around which the folds can be shaped, to prevent creases from forming. Even so, folded textiles should be removed ...
In stoving, temperature or heating was the consideration, while it ignored moisture application. When block printed material (one of the earliest forms of printing textiles) containing iron or aluminium mordants was thought to require merely heat to adhere to fabric, it was used. Those chambers were named "stoves."
Fabric. Fabric treatments are processes that make fabric softer, or water resistant, or enhance dye penetration after they are woven. [1] Fabric treatments get applied when the textile itself cannot add other properties. [2] Treatments include, scrim, foam lamination, fabric protector or stain repellent, anti microbial and flame retardant. [2]
A stenter is a very useful machine in a textile process house, and the machine plays a vital role in finishing. The machine may be equipped with a padding mangle , which is useful in squeezing excess moisture and applying various finishes [ 7 ] such as wrinkle-free, water repellent, waterproof , anti-static , or flame retardant .
The cloth is continually fed into the sanforizing machine and therein moistened with either water or steam. A rotating cylinder presses a rubber sleeve against another, heated, rotating cylinder. Thereby, the sleeve briefly gets compressed and laterally expanded, afterwards relaxing to its normal thickness.
Calender process Calender at end of paper machine Old calender machine Threading paper through calender rolls, 1941 Calender machine for electrode pressing in lithium-ion battery manufacturing A calender is a series of hard pressure rollers used to finish or smooth a sheet of material such as paper , textiles , rubber , or plastics.
Along with foil stamping machines, among the commonly used tools in hot stamping are dies and foil. [4] Dies may be made of metal or silicone rubber, and they may be shaped directly or cast. They can carry high levels of detail to be transferred to the surface and may be shaped to accommodate irregularities in the surface.