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The Norman conquest of southern Italy lasted from 999 to 1194, involving many battles and independent conquerors. In 1130, the territories in southern Italy united as the Kingdom of Sicily, which included the island of Sicily, the southern third of the Italian Peninsula (except Benevento, which was briefly held twice), the archipelago of Malta, and parts of North Africa.
[2] [3] By 1030, Rainulf became count of Aversa, marking the start of permanent Norman settlement in Italy. [2] In 1042, William de Hauteville was made a count, taking Lombard prince Guaimar IV of Salerno as his liege. [2] To further strengthen ties and legitimacy, Robert Guiscard also married Lombard Princess Sikelgaita in 1058. [2]
The Normans first arrived in Southern Italy in 1015 from northern France and served local Lombard lords as mercenaries against the Byzantine Empire. [6] As they were paid with lands, soon they were powerful enough to challenge Papal authority; in 1054, they defeated the Papal States at the Battle of Civitate, forcing the Holy See to acknowledge their authority. [7]
This is a timeline of Italian history, comprising important legal and territorial changes and political events in Italy and its predecessor states, including Ancient Rome and Prehistoric Italy. Date of the prehistoric era are approximate. For further background, see history of Italy and list of prime ministers of Italy
Battles of the Norman conquest of southern Italy (11 P) Pages in category "Battles involving the Normans" The following 30 pages are in this category, out of 30 total.
Pages in category "Battles of the Norman conquest of southern Italy" The following 11 pages are in this category, out of 11 total. This list may not reflect recent changes .
Robert Guiscard (/ ɡ iː ˈ s k ɑːr / ghee-SKAR, [1] Modern French: [ʁɔbɛʁ ɡiskaʁ]; c. 1015 – 17 July 1085), also referred to as Robert de Hauteville, was a Norman adventurer remembered for his conquest of southern Italy and Sicily in the 11th century. [2]
Battles of the Norman conquest of southern Italy (11 P) Pages in category "Norman conquest of southern Italy" The following 10 pages are in this category, out of 10 total.