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Carcinosarcoma of the uterus. In gross appearance, MMMTs are fleshier than adenocarcinomas, may be bulky and polypoid, and sometimes protrude through the cervical os.On histology, the tumors consist of adenocarcinoma (endometrioid, serous or clear cell) mixed with the malignant mesenchymal elements; alternatively, the tumor may contain two distinct and separate epithelial and mesenchymal ...
The fetus has two sets of tubes which give rise to accessory reproductive organs - the (Wolffian) mesonephric ducts and the (Müllerian) paramesonephric ducts. Usually, the Wolffian duct gives rise to male reproductive organs (specifically the testicle, epididymis and vas deferens) while the Müllerian to female (the fallopian tubes, the uterus ...
The Müllerian ducts are also referred to as paramesonephric ducts, referring to ducts next to (para) the mesonephric (Wolffian) duct during foetal development. Paramesonephric ducts are paired ducts derived from the embryo, and for females develop into the uterus , uterine tubes , cervix and upper two-thirds of the vagina. [ 6 ]
Adenosarcoma (also Müllerian adenosarcoma) is a rare malignant tumor that occurs in women of all age groups, but most commonly post-menopause.Adenosarcoma arises from mesenchymal tissue and has a mixture of the tumoral components of an adenoma, a tumor of epithelial origin, and a sarcoma, a tumor originating from connective tissue.
During this time, the single-layered paramesonephric duct epithelium differentiates into other structures, ranging from the ciliated columnar epithelium in the uterine tube to stratified squamous epithelium in the vagina. [8] The paramesonephric ducts and the mesonephric ducts share a majority of the same mesenchyme due to Hox gene expression.
Müllerian agenesis, also known as Müllerian aplasia, vaginal agenesis, or Mayer–Rokitansky–Küster–Hauser syndrome (MRKH syndrome), is a congenital malformation characterized by a failure of the Müllerian ducts to develop, resulting in a missing uterus and variable degrees of vaginal hypoplasia of its upper portion.
[8] [7] Cancer that has spread from the colon, bladder, and stomach is far more common than cancer that originates in the vagina itself. [9] Some benign tumors may later progress to become malignant tumors, such as vaginal cancers. [10] [11] Some neoplastic growths of the vagina are sufficiently rare as to be only described in case studies. [3]
Until around the seventh week of development, the embryo has indifferent sex accessory ducts, which consist of two pairs of ducts: the Müllerian ducts and the Wolffian ducts. [67] Sertoli cells within the testes secrete anti-Müllerian hormone around this time to suppress the development of the Müllerian ducts, and cause their degeneration. [67]