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Polyploidy is the result of whole-genome duplication during the evolution of species. It may occur due to abnormal cell division, either during mitosis, or more commonly from the failure of chromosomes to separate during meiosis or from the fertilization of an egg by more than one sperm. [1]
Polyploidy may be associated with increased vigor and adaptability. [62] Some studies suggest that selection is more likely to favor diploidy in host species and haploidy in parasite species. [ 63 ] However, polyploidization is associated with an increase in transposable element content [ 64 ] [ 65 ] and relaxed purifying selection on recessive ...
The 2R hypothesis or Ohno's hypothesis, first proposed by Susumu Ohno in 1970, [1] is a hypothesis that the genomes of the early vertebrate lineage underwent two whole genome duplications, and thus modern vertebrate genomes reflect paleopolyploidy.
The main goals of diploidization are: (1) To ensure proper gene dosage; and (2) to maintain stable cellular division processes. This process does not need to occur rapidly for all chromosomes in one or few steps. In recent polyploid events, segments of the genome may still remain in a tetraploid status.
A polyploid complex, also called a diploid-polyploid complex, is a group of interrelated and interbreeding species that also have differing levels of ploidy that can allow interbreeding. A polyploid complex was described by E. B. Babcock and G. Ledyard Stebbins in their 1938 monograph The American Species of Crepis : their interrelationships ...
The Vietnamese Wikipedia initially went online in November 2002, with a front page and an article about the Internet Society.The project received little attention and did not begin to receive significant contributions until it was "restarted" in October 2003 [3] and the newer, Unicode-capable MediaWiki software was installed soon after.
Vua tiếng Việt (lit. ' King of Vietnamese ' ) is a Vietnamese television quiz show featuring Vietnamese vocabulary and language, produced by Vietnam Television . [ 1 ] [ 2 ] The programme is aired on 8:30 pm every Friday on VTV3, starting from 10 September 2021, with the main host Nguyễn Xuân Bắc.
The Stieng people (Vietnamese: Xtiêng/Stiêng) are an ethnic group of Vietnam and Cambodia. They speak Stieng , a language in the Bahnaric group of the Mon–Khmer languages . Most Stieng live in Bình Phước Province (81,708 in 2009) [ 3 ] of the Southeast region of Vietnam.