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Thomas Chippendale (June 1718 – 1779) was an English woodworker in London, designing furniture in the mid-Georgian, English Rococo, and Neoclassical styles. In 1754 he published a book of his designs in a trade catalogue titled The Gentleman and Cabinet Maker's Director—the most important collection of furniture designs published in England to that point which created a mass market for ...
According to Bird, "nothing symbolises 18th century furniture more than the cabriole leg." [2] The cabriole design is often associated with bun or the "ball and claw" foot design. In England, this design was characteristic of Queen Anne and Chippendale furniture. [3] In France, the cabriole leg is associated with the Louis XV period of ...
The detail work on his furniture was also consistent and distinctive, with similar very highly detailed carvings on the ball and claw feet of his furniture, similar distinctive spiral rosettes, open fretwork, scrolled pediments, and other decorations. This makes his pieces identifiable, even though he did not sign them or apply a maker's mark.
The more ornamental examples had cane seats and ill-proportioned cane backs. From these forms was gradually developed the Chippendale chair, with its elaborately interlaced back, its graceful arms and square or cabriole legs, the latter terminating in the claw and ball or the pad foot.
In sophisticated urban environments, walnut was a frequent choice for furniture in the Queen Anne style, [5] superseding the previously dominant oak and leading to the era being called "the age of walnut." [6] However, poplar, cherry, and maple were also used in Queen Anne style furniture. [11]
Newport furniture of this school is also associated with a distinct ball and claw foot, in which there is an open space carved between the talon and ball. Such a form is thought to be unique to Newport, though not unique to the Goddard or Townsend families.
The more elegant examples in the Queen Anne, early Georgian, and Chippendale styles often have cabriole legs, carved knees, and slipper or claw-and-ball feet. The fronts of some examples also are sculpted with the scallop-shell motif beneath the center drawer. [4]
A foot is the floor level termination of furniture legs. [1] ... Claw-and-ball; Cloven foot; Club foot, also known as a duck, Dutch, or pad foot [2] French foot;