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The Correlates of War project is an academic study of the history of warfare.It was started in 1963 at the University of Michigan by political scientist J. David Singer. [1] [2] Concerned with collecting data about the history of wars and conflict among states, the project has driven forward quantitative research into the causes of warfare.
[2] [3] His major contribution was the Correlates of War project, which he began in 1964 at the University of Michigan. It is a major database of statistics relating to war and its causes. [4] [5] [6] He was born in Brooklyn on December 7, 1925. [2] He served in the U.S. Navy during World War II. [2]
The Composite Index of National Capability (CINC) is a statistical measure of national power created by J. David Singer for the Correlates of War project in 1963. It uses an average of percentages of world totals in six different components. The components represent demographic, economic, and military strength. [1]
The Uppsala Conflict Data Program (UCDP) is a data collection program on organized violence, based at Uppsala University in Sweden. The UCDP is a leading provider of data on organized violence and armed conflict, and it is the oldest ongoing data collection project for civil war, with a history of almost 40 years. [1]
An initiator of a war need not necessarily be the same as the initiator of a preceding MID, since a MID can be started by a show of force, whereas the initiator of a war begins the actual combat. [3] Under this definition, over 2400 MIDs have been identified from 1816 to 2014 in the Correlates of War project. [2]
Hikari Maruyama, Runa Kurosawa and Sawaka Nakano are part of an elite force: Japan's Amphibious Rapid Deployment Brigade (ARDB), meant to lead assaults from the sea in a possible future war.
Not all those who deploy to a war zone experience killing or direct combat, and some troops never get to war at all. But moral injury can occur anywhere. Certainly the technicians working in mortuary affairs at Dover Air Force Base, Del., who handle the remains of Americans killed in combat are exposed to moral trauma.
More recent databases of wars and armed conflict have been assembled by the Correlates of War Project, Peter Brecke and the Uppsala Conflict Data Program. [152] The following subsections consider causes of war from system, societal, and individual levels of analysis.