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ggplot2 is an open-source data visualization package for the statistical programming language R.Created by Hadley Wickham in 2005, ggplot2 is an implementation of Leland Wilkinson's Grammar of Graphics—a general scheme for data visualization which breaks up graphs into semantic components such as scales and layers. ggplot2 can serve as a replacement for the base graphics in R and contains a ...
Analysis of Panels and Limited Dependent Variable Models. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 226–254. ISBN 0-521-63169-6. Frees, E. (2004). Longitudinal and Panel Data: Analysis and Applications in the Social Sciences. New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-82828-7. Hsiao, Cheng (2003). Analysis of Panel Data (Second ed ...
The Abstract Window Toolkit (AWT) is Java's original platform-dependent windowing, graphics, and user-interface widget toolkit, preceding Swing. The AWT is part of the Java Foundation Classes (JFC) — the standard API for providing a graphical user interface (GUI) for a Java program. AWT is also the GUI toolkit for a number of Java ME profiles.
ggplot2 – for data visualization; dplyr – for wrangling and transforming data; tidyr – help transform data specifically into tidy data, where each variable is a column, each observation is a row; each row is an observation, and each value is a cell. readr – help read in common delimited, text files with data; purrr – a functional ...
An unbalanced panel (e.g., the second dataset above) is a dataset in which at least one panel member is not observed every period. Therefore, if an unbalanced panel contains N {\displaystyle N} panel members and T {\displaystyle T} periods, then the following strict inequality holds for the number of observations ( n {\displaystyle n} ) in the ...
The Java Media Framework (JMF) is a Java library that enables audio, video and other time-based media to be added to Java applications and applets. Java Topology suite Java Topology Suite (JTS) is an open-source Java software library that provides an object model for Euclidean planar linear geometry together with a set of fundamental geometric ...
Gephi has been used in a number of research projects in academia, journalism and elsewhere, for instance in visualizing the global connectivity of New York Times content [17] and examining Twitter network traffic during social unrest [18] [19] along with more traditional network analysis topics. [20]
A snippet of Java code with keywords highlighted in bold blue font. The syntax of Java is the set of rules defining how a Java program is written and interpreted. The syntax is mostly derived from C and C++. Unlike C++, Java has no global functions or variables, but has data members which are also regarded as global variables.