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Ibn Saud (seated) with his sons Prince Faisal (left) and Prince Saud in the early 1950s Ibn Saud (seated left) with his brother-in-law Mubarak Al Sabah [67] in Kuwait, 1910 Ibn Saud was very tall for a Saudi man of his time, [ 68 ] his height reported as between 1.85 (6 ft 1 in) [ 69 ] [ 70 ] and 1.88 (6 ft 2 in). [ 71 ]
Muhammad bin Saud Al Muqrin Al Saud (Arabic: محمد بن سعود آل مقرن, romanized: Muḥammad bin Suʿūd Āl Muqrin; 1687–1765), also known as Ibn Saud, was the emir of Diriyah and is considered the founder of the First Saudi State and the Saud dynasty, named after his father, Saud bin Muhammad Al Muqrin. [1]
Ibn Sa'd was born in 784/785 CE (168 AH) [5] and died on 16 February 845 CE (230 AH). [5] Ibn Sa'd was from Basra, [2] but lived mostly in Baghdad, hence the nisba al-Basri and al-Baghdadi respectively. He is said to have died at the age of 62 in Baghdad and was buried in the cemetery of the Syrian gate. [6]
The third Saudi state was known at the beginning of its reign as "the Emirate of Riyadh" (1902–1913) and "the Emirate of Nejd and Hasa" (1913–1921).After the overthrow of the rival Emirate of Ha'il gave the Emirate of Najd and Al-Ahsa control of the entire Nejd region, it became known as the Sultanate of Nejd.
With the capture of his family's ancestral home, Ibn Saud proved he possessed the qualities necessary to be a sheikh or emir: leadership, courage, and luck. [23] [24] This marked the beginning of the third Saudi state. Ibn Saud's dominions became known as the Emirate of Riyadh [25] which lasted until 1921. [26]
The British signed a treaty with Ibn Saud that recognized his independence and in exchange he agreed to stop his forces from attacking and harassing neighboring British protectorates. [26] [27] The Soviet Union was the first country to establish full diplomatic ties with Ibn Saud's government following his proclamation in 1926. [28] [29]
Saud's other sons included Mishari, Turki, Nasser and Saad. [25] His youngest son, Khalid, ruled the Emirate of Nejd or the Second Saudi State from 1838 to 1841 with the support of the Ottomans. [26] [27] Three of Saud's sons were killed in the siege of Diriyah by Ibrahim Pasha, who also arrested Saud's successor, Abdullah bin Saud. [28]
In 1891, after a rebellion, ʿAbdul Rahman bin Faisal Al Saud left Riyadh. The Saud family, including the ten-year-old Ibn Saud, went into exile in Kuwait. ʿAbdulazīz bin Mutaib (Arabic: عبدالعزيز بن متعب), (1897–1906). A son of Mutʿib, the third emir, he was adopted by his uncle Muhammed, the fifth emir, and brought up to ...