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J or j is the tenth letter of the Latin alphabet, used in the modern English alphabet, the alphabets of other western European languages and others worldwide. Its usual name in English is jay (pronounced / ˈ dʒ eɪ /), with a now-uncommon variant jy / ˈ dʒ aɪ /. [2] [3]
Root Meaning in English Origin language Etymology (root origin) English examples jac-lie: Latin: jaceo "to be thrown": adjacency, adjacent, circumjacency ...
The Middle English word Jew derives from Old English where the word is attested as early as 1000 in various forms, such as Iudeas, Gyu, Giu, Iuu, Iuw, Iew. The Old English name is derived from Old French. The modern French term is "Juif/Juive" (m/f). [3] Most European languages have retained the letter "d" in the word for "Jew".
Ȝ ȝ Yogh, ȝogh or yoch / ˈ j ɒ ɡ / or / ˈ j ɒ x /, used for various sounds derived from / ɡ /, such as / j / and / x /. Replaced by y, j, [p] gh, and ch [q] now. ſ long s, an earlier form of the lowercase "s" that continued to be used alongside the modern lowercase s into the 1800s. Replaced by lowercase s now.
Thus the word Yidish 'Yiddish' is spelled ייִדיש. The first yod represents [j]; the second yod represents [i] and is distinguished from the adjacent [j] by a dot; the third yod represents [i] as well, but no dot is necessary. The digraph יי, consisting of two yods, represents the diphthong [ej].
Jah or Yah (Hebrew: יָהּ , Yāh) is a short form of the tetragrammaton יהוה (YHWH), the personal name of God: Yahweh, which the ancient Israelites used. The conventional Christian English pronunciation of Jah is / ˈ dʒ ɑː /, even though the letter J here transliterates the palatal approximant (Hebrew י Yodh).
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This was generally accepted until a crucial 1976 study by H. H. Schmid, Der sogenannte Jahwist ("The So-called Yahwist"), argued that J knew the prophetic books of the 8th and 7th centuries BCE, while the prophets did not know the traditions of the Torah, meaning J could not be earlier than the 7th century. [15]