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  2. Insulin receptor substrate 1 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insulin_receptor_substrate_1

    Decreased anchorage- dependent/independent cell growth and initiation of cell death under low growth factor and estrogen conditions are observed in MCF-7 cells with down-regulated IRS-1. [ 49 ] mir126 is underexpressed in breast cancer cells. mir126 targets IRS-1 at transcriptional level and inhibits transition from G1/G0 phase to S phase ...

  3. Cell wall - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_wall

    A plant cell wall was first observed and named (simply as a "wall") by Robert Hooke in 1665. [3] However, "the dead excrusion product of the living protoplast" was forgotten, for almost three centuries, being the subject of scientific interest mainly as a resource for industrial processing or in relation to animal or human health.

  4. Xylan - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xylan

    Xylan (/ ˈ z aɪ l æ n /; [3] / ˈ z aɪ l ən / [4]) (CAS number: 9014-63-5) is a type of hemicellulose, a polysaccharide consisting mainly of xylose residues. It is found in plants, in the secondary cell walls of dicots and all cell walls of grasses. [5]

  5. Quarterly Publication of Individuals Who Have Chosen to ...

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quarterly_Publication_of...

    The Quarterly Publication of Individuals Who Have Chosen to Expatriate, also known as the Quarterly Publication of Individuals, Who Have Chosen to Expatriate, as Required by Section 6039G, is a publication of the United States Internal Revenue Service (IRS) in the Federal Register, listing the names of certain individuals with respect to whom the IRS has received information regarding loss of ...

  6. Wall-associated kinase - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wall-Associated_Kinase

    The association of WAKs with The Plant Cell wall was first compromised by immunolocalization technique using antiserum where epitome of WAK are found to be tightly bound with cell wall fragments so that they can not be separated using detergent, however, WAKs could be released by boiling the walls with SDS, dithiothreitol (a strong thiol reductant), protoplasting enzymes or pectinase.

  7. Cell mechanics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_mechanics

    Cell mechanics is a sub-field of biophysics that focuses on the mechanical properties and behavior of living cells and how it relates to cell function. [1] It encompasses aspects of cell biophysics , biomechanics , soft matter physics and rheology , mechanobiology and cell biology .

  8. Wall stress relaxation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wall_stress_relaxation

    It has been found that cell walls expand faster under acidic conditions, this is called acid growth. Treating living cells with acid induces acidification of the cell wall by activating an ATPase in the cell wall's plasma membrane. [1] In onion epidermal cells, which are used as models to study anisotropy in extension, extension is pH dependent ...

  9. Bacterial cell structure - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacterial_cell_structure

    Since the cell wall is required for bacterial survival, but is absent in some eukaryotes, several antibiotics (notably the penicillins and cephalosporins) stop bacterial infections by interfering with cell wall synthesis, while having no effects on human cells which have no cell wall, only a cell membrane