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For higher powers of ten, naming diverges. The Indian system uses names for every second power of ten: lakh (10 5), crore (10 7), arab (10 9), kharab (10 11), etc. In the two Western systems, long and short scales, there are names for every third power of ten. The short scale uses million (10 6), billion (10 9), trillion (10 12), etc.
In modern India, the terms lakh for 10 5 and crore for 10 7 are in common use. Both are vernacular (Hindustani) forms derived from a list of names for powers of ten in Yājñavalkya Smṛti, where 10 5 and 10 7 named lakṣa and koṭi, respectively.
For larger values, it includes named numbers at each multiple of 100; including lakh (10 5) and crore (10 7). [1] English also has words, ... Billion: 10 9: 10 12 ...
10 12: one trillion a thousand billion: one billion a million million: one lakh crore (ten kharab) 1,000,000,000,000,000: 10 15: one quadrillion a thousand trillion: one billiard a thousand billion: ten crore crore (one padm) 1,000,000,000,000,000,000: 10 18: one quintillion a thousand quadrillion: one trillion a million billion: ten thousand ...
Crore (/ k r ɔːr /; abbreviated cr) denotes the quantity ten million (10 7) and is equal to 100 lakh in the Indian numbering system.In many international contexts, the decimal quantity is formatted as 10,000,000, but when used in the context of the Indian numbering system, the quantity is usually formatted 1,00,00,000.
Each of these words translates to the American English or post-1974 British English word billion (10 9 in the short scale). The term billion originally meant 10 12 when introduced. [7] In long scale countries, milliard was defined to its current value of 10 9, leaving billion at its original 10 12 value and so on for the larger numbers. [7]
10 Ten Hundred 100 Hundred Thousand 1,000 Thousand Lakh 1,00,000 One hundred thousand Crore 1,00,00,000 Ten million Arab (not normally used) 1,00,00,00,000 One short billion (one thousand million) Kharab (not normally used) 1,00,00,00,00,000 One hundred short billion Lakh crore 10,00,00,00,00,000 One short trillion (one long (European) billion)
Lakh and crore are common enough to have entered Indian English. For number 0, Modern Standard Hindi is more inclined towards śūnya (a Sanskrit tatsama) and Standard Urdu is more inclined towards sifr (borrowed from Arabic), while the native tadbhava-form is sunnā in Hindustani.