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-ing is a suffix used to make one of the inflected forms of English verbs. This verb form is used as a present participle, as a gerund, and sometimes as an independent noun or adjective. The suffix is also found in certain words like morning and ceiling, and in names such as Browning.
An ellipsis drops something, and starts from a compound and drops a component, or from a derivative and drops -ing, as in boks from "boxing", or "hepiend" from "happy ending". [16] Another process of word formation that can result in a pseudo-anglicism is a blend word, consisting of portions of
When the suffix is added to a word ending in the letter y, the y before the suffix is replaced with the letter i, as in happily (from happy). This does not always apply in the case of monosyllabic words; for example, shy becomes shyly (but dry can become dryly or drily , and gay becomes gaily ).
-pie for words ending in -m: boom (tree) → boompie (little tree)-kie for words ending in -ing: koning (king) → koninkie (little king)-′tjie for words ending in -i, -o, or -u (usually borrowed from other languages): impi → impi′tjie-jie for words ending in -d or -t: hoed (hat) → hoedjie (little hat)
Verbs ending in a consonant plus o also typically add -es: veto → vetoes. Verbs ending in a consonant plus y add -es after changing the y to an i: cry → cries. In terms of pronunciation, the ending is pronounced as / ɪ z / after sibilants (as in lurches), as / s / after voiceless consonants other than sibilants (as in makes), and as / z ...
The new words include some trademarks gone generic — dumpster for one — some shorthand joy like guac, and a delicious display of more verb variations: torrented, torrenting, adulted, adulting ...
A gang member “giggled” as he admitted to kidnapping a young Texas woman at gunpoint and threatening to pimp her out and sell her organs, according to cops.
Like the -ing suffix, the to-infinitive spread historically from a narrow original use, a prepositional phrase referring to future time. Like the -ing form it spread to all English verbs and to form non-finite clauses. Like the -ing form, it spread by analogy to use with words of similar meaning.