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Fool's mate was named and described in The Royal Game of Chess-Play, a 1656 text by Francis Beale that adapted the work of the early chess writer Gioachino Greco. [2]Prior to the mid-19th century, there was not a prevailing convention as to whether White or Black moved first; according to Beale, the matter was to be decided in some prior contest or decision of the players' choice. [3]
A checkmate may occur in as few as two moves on one side with all of the pieces still on the board (as in fool's mate, in the opening phase of the game), in a middlegame position (as in the 1956 game called the Game of the Century between Donald Byrne and Bobby Fischer), [3] or after many moves with as few as three pieces in an endgame position.
In the first diagram with White to play, White can force checkmate as follows: 1. Rxg7+ Kh8 2. Rxh7+ Kg8 3. Rbg7# For this type of mate, the rooks on White's 7th rank can start on any two files from a to e, and although black pawns are commonly present as shown, they are not necessary to deliver the mate. The second diagram shows the final ...
Fool's mate – also known as the Two-Move Checkmate, it is the quickest possible checkmate in chess. A prime example consists of the moves: 1.f3 e5 2.g4 Qh4# Scholar's mate – checkmate achieved by the moves: 1.e4 e5 2.Qh5 Nc6 3.Bc4 Nf6? 4.Qxf7#. The moves might be played in a different order or in slight variation, but the basic idea is the ...
The most common form of double check involves one piece moving to deliver check and revealing a discovered check at the same time from a piece it had been blocking. The only possible reply to a double check is a king move, as it is impossible to block or capture both checking pieces at once.
With the stronger side to move, checkmate can be forced in at most thirty-three moves from almost any starting position. [1] [2] Although it is classified as one of the four basic checkmates, [3] [a] the bishop and knight checkmate occurs in practice only approximately once in every 6,000 games. [4]
The problem is a mate in two (White must move first and checkmate Black in two moves against any defense). The key is 1.Qb1, which threatens 2.Qb7#. Black has three ways to defend against this. One is to play 1...c3, giving his king a new flight square at c4, but this unguards d3, allowing White to mate with 2.Qd3#.
More-movers: White to move and checkmate Black in n moves against any defence, where n is some particular number greater than three. Many-movers: White to move and checkmate Black in a great number of moves. Problems have been composed in which White must mate Black in over 100 moves; the current record for such a composition is over 200 moves.