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2. Commotio cordis - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commotio_cordis

   The condition is 97% fatal if not treated within three minutes. [2] This sudden rise in intracavitary pressure leads to disruption of normal heart electrical activity, followed instantly by ventricular fibrillation, complete disorganization of the heart's pumping function, and cardiac arrest. It is not caused by mechanical damage to the heart ...

3. Atrioventricular node - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atrioventricular_node

   Isolated heart conduction system showing atrioventricular node. The AV node receives two inputs from the right atrium: posteriorly, via the crista terminalis, and anteriorly, via the interatrial septum. [8] Contraction of heart muscle cells requires depolarization and repolarization of their cell membranes. Movement of ions across cell ...

4. Cardiac excitation-contraction coupling - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardiac_excitation...

   This rate can be altered, however, by nerves that work to either increase heart rate (sympathetic nerves) or decrease it (parasympathetic nerves), as the body's oxygen demands change. Ultimately, muscle contraction revolves around a charged atom (ion) , calcium (Ca 2+ ) , [ 3 ] which is responsible for converting the electrical energy of the ...

5. Pre-excitation syndrome - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pre-excitation_syndrome

   Pre-excitation syndrome is a heart condition in which part of the cardiac ventricles are activated too early. [1] Pre-excitation is caused by an abnormal electrical connection or accessory pathway between or within the cardiac chambers. Pre-excitation may not cause any symptoms but may lead to palpitations caused by abnormal heart rhythms.

6. Wolff–Parkinson–White syndrome - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolff–Parkinson–White...

   Wolff–Parkinson–White syndrome (WPWS) is a disorder due to a specific type of problem with the electrical system of the heart involving an accessory pathway able to conduct electrical current between the atria and the ventricles, thus bypassing the atrioventricular node.

7. Lown–Ganong–Levine syndrome - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lown–Ganong–Levine...

   LGL syndrome was originally thought to be due to an abnormal electrical connection between the atria and the ventricles, but is now thought to be due to accelerated conduction through the atrioventricular node in the majority of cases. [1] The syndrome is named after Bernard Lown, William Francis Ganong, Jr., and Samuel A. Levine. [2] [3]