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The list is a direct descendant of the Three Stars Each list, reworked around 1000 BC on the basis of more accurate observations. They include more constellations, including most circumpolar ones, and more of the zodiacal ones. The Babylonian star catalogues entered Greek astronomy in the 4th century BC, via Eudoxus of Cnidus and others.
MUL.APIN (𒀯 𒀳) is the conventional title given to a Babylonian compendium that deals with many diverse aspects of Babylonian astronomy and astrology.It is in the tradition of earlier star catalogues, the so-called Three Stars Each lists, but represents an expanded version based on more accurate observation, likely compiled around 1000 BCE. [1]
c. 1800 BC — Babylonian star catalog (see Babylonian star catalogues) c. 1370 BC; Observations for the Babylonia MUL.APIN (an astro catalog). [1] c. 350 BC — Shi Shen's star catalog has almost 800 entries; c. 300 BC — star catalog of Timocharis of Alexandria; c. 134 BC — Hipparchus makes a detailed star map
Babylonian astronomy was the study or recording of celestial objects during the early history of Mesopotamia. The numeral system used, sexagesimal, was based on sixty, as opposed to ten in the modern decimal system. This system simplified the calculating and recording of unusually great and small numbers. [1]
The Mul.Apin lists, dated to sometime before the Neo-Babylonian Empire (626–539 BC), [5] are direct textual descendants of the "Three Stars Each" lists and their constellation patterns show similarities to those of later Greek civilization. [6]
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 3 February 2025. Area of the sky divided into twelve signs For the East Asian zodiac, see Chinese zodiac. For other uses, see Zodiac (disambiguation). The Earth's orbit around the Sun causes the apparent motion of the latter along the ecliptic (red). Earth is axially tilted 23.4° relative to this plane ...
Orion (constellation) Art. The Babylonian star catalogues of the Late Bronze Age name Orion MUL SIPA.ZI.AN.NA, [note 1] "The Heavenly Shepherd" or "True Shepherd of Anu" – Anu being the chief god of the heavenly realms. [22] The Babylonian constellation is sacred to Papshukal and Ninshubur, both minor gods fulfilling the role of 'messenger to ...
The following lists of constellations are available: IAU designated constellations – a list of the current, or "modern", constellations; Former constellations – a list of former constellations; Chinese constellations – traditional Chinese astronomy constellations; List of Nakshatras – sectors along the Moon's ecliptic