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Mount Vesuvius (/ v ɪ ˈ s uː v i ə s / viss-OO-vee-əs) [a] is a somma–stratovolcano located on the Gulf of Naples in Campania, Italy, about 9 km (5.6 mi) east of Naples and a short distance from the shore. It is one of several volcanoes forming the Campanian volcanic arc.
Pliny the Elder was the praefect in charge of the naval fleet at Misenum in AD 79, at the time of the eruption of Mount Vesuvius, visible to the south across the Bay of Naples. Seeing the beginnings of the eruption, Pliny left for a closer view and to effect a possible rescue, and was killed during the eruptions.
The Phlegraean Fields (Italian: Campi Flegrei, Italian: [ˈkampi fleˈɡrɛːi]; Neapolitan: Campe Flegree) is a large caldera volcano west of Naples, Italy. [a] It is part of the Campanian volcanic arc, which includes Mount Vesuvius, about 9 km (6 miles) east of Naples. The Phlegraean Fields is monitored by the Vesuvius Observatory. [6]
Regional map of the Gulf of Naples. Topographic map of the Gulf of Naples and Mount Vesuvius Map of the Gulf of Napoli 1754. The Gulf of Naples (Italian: Golfo di Napoli), also called the Bay of Naples, is a roughly 15-kilometer-wide (9.3 mi) gulf located along the south-western coast of Italy (Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania region).
Vesuvius National Park (Italian: Parco Nazionale del Vesuvio) is an Italian national park centered on the active volcano Vesuvius, southeast from Naples. The park was founded on June 5, 1995, and covers an area of around 135 square kilometers all located within the Province of Naples .
Stabiae (Latin: [ˈstabɪ.ae̯]) was an ancient city situated near the modern town of Castellammare di Stabia and approximately 4.5 km southwest of Pompeii.Like Pompeii, and being only 16 km (9.9 mi) from Mount Vesuvius, it was largely buried by tephra ash in the 79 AD eruption of Mount Vesuvius, in this case at a shallower depth of up to 5 m.
Italy is also known for the presence of numerous volcanoes, the most well-known being Vesuvius near Naples, Etna near Catania (which with its 3,343 m (10,968 ft) is the highest volcano in Europe), [Note 2] Stromboli and Vulcano, in the Aeolian Islands in the province of Messina, in addition to the large caldera formed by the Campi Flegrei in ...
Mount Somma is the remnant of a large volcano, out of which the peak cone of Mount Vesuvius has grown. Mount Somma appears to be spread in a semicircle around the north and northeast of Vesuvius. Vesuvius's formation began during the caldera collapse of Mount Somma. Approaching Mount Somma from the east, four ridges are encountered: