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Clusters of Robusta coffee flowers. Robusta is a species of flowering plant in the family Rubiaceae.Though widely known by the synonym Coffea robusta, the plant is currently scientifically identified as Coffea canephora, which has two main varieties, C. c. robusta and C. c. nganda. [2]
Unroasted coffee beans of the Robusta variety (Coffea canephora) Vietnam is the world's largest Robusta producer, with Robusta accounting for 97% of Vietnam's coffee output. [12] While not separate varieties of bean, unusual and very expensive robustas are the Indonesian kopi luwak and the Philippine Kapéng Alamid and Kahawa Kubing. [13]
Arabica beans have a higher content of lipids (13.5–17.4 g lipids/100 g dried green coffee beans) than robustas (9.8–10.7 g lipids/100 g dried green coffee beans). The content of diterpenes is about 20% of the lipid fraction. The diterpenes found in green coffee include cafestol, kahweol and 16-O-methylcafestol.
Robusta strains also contain about 40–50% more caffeine than arabica. [56] Consequently, this species is used as an inexpensive substitute for arabica in many commercial coffee blends. Good quality robusta beans are used in traditional Italian espresso blends to provide a full-bodied taste and a better foam head (known as crema).
In general, Arabica beans are grown in northern Thailand and robusta beans in the south. [3] Robusta coffee (Coffea canephora) is grown chiefly in the provinces of Chumphon, Surat Thani, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Krabi, Phang Nga, and Ranong. Coffee is cultivated on 67,832 hectares. [4] Coffee production in the southern part of the country is 80,000 ...
The following list of countries by coffee production catalogues sovereign states that have conducive climate and infrastructure to foster the production of coffee beans. [1] Many of these countries maintain substantial supply-chain relations with the world's largest coffeehouse chains and enterprises. [ 2 ]
The main growing region of Robusta are Kyerwa and Karagwe areas of the Kagera Region. [2] Two new species were found recently in Tanzania's Eastern Arc Mountains, Coffea bridsoniae and C. kihansiensis. [3] Harvest time is traditionally October to February. Ninety percent of the nation's coffee farms are smallholder, with the remainder being ...
Coffea arabica is also found on Mount Marsabit in northern Kenya, but it is unclear whether this is a truly native or naturalised occurrence; recent studies support it being naturalised. [ 11 ] [ 12 ] The species is widely naturalised in areas outside its native land, in many parts of Africa , Latin America , Southeast Asia , India , China ...