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Wood decay describes wood in all stages of fungal attack, from the initial invasion of hyphae into the cell walls to the complete destruction of the wood. [10] Wood-inhabiting fungi are most common on timber piles above the water surface since the lack of oxygen below water inhibits fungal growth.
Wood degradation is a complex process influenced by various biological, chemical, and environmental factors. It significantly impacts the durability and longevity of wood products and structures, necessitating effective preservation and protection strategies.
While wood in contact with soil will generally decompose more quickly than wood not in contact with it, it is possible that the predominantly clay soils prevalent in Vietnam provide a degree of mechanical protection against insect attack, which compensates for the accelerated rate of decay. Also, since wood is subject to bacterial decay only ...
By knowing how decay is likely to spread, such hazard tree analyses may be more accurate, thereby preventing unnecessary tree removal, property damage, or injury. [citation needed] Work done by Dr. Edward F. Gilman at the University of Florida shows that a wound's proximity to leaf mass greatly influences compartmentalization as well as wound ...
Wood-decay fungi consume wood in various ways; for example, some attack the carbohydrates in wood, and some others decay lignin. The rate of decay of wooden materials in various climates can be estimated by empirical models. [3] Wood-decay fungi can be classified according to the type of decay that they cause.
S. lacrymans is a form of brown rot, a group of fungi which digest the cellulose and hemicellulose in timber. This particular species poses the greatest threat to buildings since it can spread through non-nutrient providing materials (e.g., masonry and plaster) for several meters until it finds more timber to attack.
The major economic damage caused by the blue stain fungi is aesthetic because of the usually undesirable discoloration of wood. Blue stain fungi do not affect the strength of wood. [5] In some cases the staining is desirable in fine wood crafting applications where it is called spalting.
Spalting is divided into three main types: pigmentation, white rot, and zone lines.Spalted wood may exhibit one or all of these types in varying degrees. Both hardwoods and softwoods can spalt, but zone lines and white rot are more commonly found on hardwoods due to enzymatic differences in white rotting fungi.