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European ash in flower Narrow-leafed ash (Fraxinus angustifolia) shoot with leaves. Fraxinus (/ ˈ f r æ k s ɪ n ə s /), commonly called ash, is a genus of plants in the olive and lilac family, Oleaceae, [4] and comprises 45–65 species of usually medium-to-large trees, most of which are deciduous trees, although some subtropical species are evergreen trees.
The male and hermaphrodite flowers occur on all individuals, i.e. all trees are functionally hermaphrodite. Flowering occurs in early spring. The fruit when fully formed is a samara 3–4 cm long, the seed 1.5–2 cm long with a pale brown wing 1.5–2 cm long.
However, unlike that species, Fraxinus mandshurica is dioecious, with male and female flowers produced on separate individuals. [2] The spelling of the species name is disputed; some (e.g. the Flora of China [1]) cite mandschurica, while others (e.g. USDA GRIN [3]) cite mandshurica. The original 1857 Russian publication spelled it without the ...
Male flowers Seeds of Fraxinus excelsior, popularly known as "keys" or "helicopter seeds", are a type of fruit known as a samara. It is a large deciduous tree growing to 12–18 m (39–59 ft) (exceptionally to 43 m or 141 ft) tall with a trunk up to 2 m (6.6 ft) (exceptionally to 3.5 m or 11 ft) diameter, with a tall, narrow crown. [2]
Fraxinus uhdei is locally known as fresno blanco in Spanish; other English vernacular names include Hawaiian ash and Mexican ash. [3] The name Shamel ash refers to Archie Shamel, who introduced the trees to California in the 1920s. [7] It is known as urapan in Colombia, where it was introduced in the 1950s. [8]
Green’s mountain ash (S. scopulina) is native to the mountains from Alaska to California, and east to the Rocky Mountains and Northern Great Plains. It grows as a multi-stemmed shrub that is ...
Fraxinus pennsylvanica, the green ash or red ash, [3] is a species of ash native to eastern and central North America, from Nova Scotia west to southeastern Alberta and eastern Colorado, south to northern Florida, and southwest to Oklahoma and eastern Texas.
The flowers are purple, produced in small clusters in early spring; like all ashes, the Texas ash is dioecious, with male and female flowers on separate trees. The fruit is a samara 1.5–3 cm long, with an apical wing. It is long-lived and drought tolerant. [4]