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The time required to remove half of the chloramine from 10 US gallons (38 L; 8.3 imp gal) of water by boiling is 26.6 minutes, whereas the half-life of free chlorine in boiling 10 gallons of water is only 1.8 minutes. [16] Aging may take weeks to remove chloramines, whereas chlorine disappears in a few days. [17] [18]
2 NH 2 Cl → N 2 H 3 Cl + HCl. The chlorohydrazine (N 2 H 3 Cl) formed during self-decomposition is unstable and decomposes itself, which leads to the net decomposition reaction: 3 NH 2 Cl → N 2 + NH 4 Cl + 2 HCl. Monochloramine oxidizes sulfhydryls and disulfides in the same manner as hypochlorous acid, [25] but only possesses 0.4% of the ...
As a halogen, chlorine is a highly efficient disinfectant, and is added to public water supplies to kill disease-causing pathogens, such as bacteria, viruses, and protozoans, that commonly grow in water supply reservoirs, on the walls of water mains and in storage tanks. [16]
Chlorine is a weaker oxidising agent than fluorine but a stronger one than bromine or iodine. This can be seen from the standard electrode potentials of the X 2 /X − couples (F, +2.866 V; Cl, +1.395 V; Br, +1.087 V; I, +0.615 V; At , approximately +0.3 V).
Bond energies to bromine tend to be lower than those to chlorine but higher than those to iodine, and bromine is a weaker oxidising agent than chlorine but a stronger one than iodine. This can be seen from the standard electrode potentials of the X 2 /X − couples (F, +2.866 V; Cl, +1.395 V; Br, +1.087 V; I, +0.615 V; At, approximately +0.3 V).
The halogens (/ ˈ h æ l ə dʒ ə n, ˈ h eɪ-,-l oʊ-,-ˌ dʒ ɛ n / [1] [2] [3]) are a group in the periodic table consisting of six chemically related elements: fluorine (F), chlorine (Cl), bromine (Br), iodine (I), and the radioactive elements astatine (At) and tennessine (Ts), though some authors [4] would exclude tennessine as its chemistry is unknown and is theoretically expected to ...
A 5-gallon bucket of the stores’ basic paints — Home Depot’s Glidden Essentials and Lowe’s Valspar 4000 — costs $80. So, when it comes to shopping at Home Depot vs. Lowe’s, it appears ...
Chlorine is a respiratory irritant that attacks mucous membranes and burns the skin. As little as 3.53 ppm can be detected as an odor, and 1000 ppm is likely to be fatal after a few deep breaths. Exposure to chlorine has been limited to 0.5 ppm (8-hour time-weighted average—38-hour week) by the U.S. OSHA. [9]