Search results
Results From The WOW.Com Content Network
MAC is used to compare the strengths, or potency, of anaesthetic vapours. [1] The concept of MAC was first introduced in 1965. [2] MAC actually is a median value, not a minimum as term implies. The original paper proposed MAC as the minimal alveolar concentration, [3] which was shortly thereafter revised to minimum alveolar concentration. [4]
To induce general anesthesia, propofol is the drug used almost exclusively, having largely replaced sodium thiopental. [13]It is often administered as part of an anesthesia maintenance technique called total intravenous anesthesia, using either manually programmed infusion pumps or computer-controlled infusion pumps in a process called target controlled infusion (TCI).
The higher the blood:gas partition coefficient, the slower the rate of induction. Newer anesthetics (such as desflurane ) typically have smaller blood–gas partition coefficients than older ones (such as ether ); this leads to faster onset of anesthesia and faster emergence from anesthesia once application of the anesthetic is stopped, which ...
In 1983, a lipid emulsion formulation of propofol was available, which carried great potential during clinical trials. [8] It was licensed for use in Europe in 1986 and received FDA approval in the US in 1989. [1] Propofol is now used worldwide with a well-defined pharmacological profile for a variety of medical uses.
In pharmacokinetics, the rate of infusion (or dosing rate) refers not just to the rate at which a drug is administered, but the desired rate at which a drug should be administered to achieve a steady state of a fixed dose which has been demonstrated to be therapeutically effective. Abbreviations include K in, [1] K 0, [2] or R 0.
Propofol – It is a highly lipid-soluble, GABA agonist. [15] The dosage is 1.5 mg/kg (usually 100 to 200 mg). It has quick onset of action, can cross the blood-brain barrier, wide tissue distribution, and can be hepatically cleared by the body quickly. [15] In the elderly, the rate of Propofol clearance is low.
Propofol infusion syndrome (PRIS) is a rare syndrome which affects patients undergoing long-term treatment with high doses of the anaesthetic and sedative drug propofol. It can lead to cardiac failure , rhabdomyolysis , metabolic acidosis , and kidney failure , and is often fatal.
Minimal alveolar concentration (MAC) is the concentration of an inhalational anesthetic in the lungs that prevents 50% of patients from responding to surgical incision. This value is used to compare the potencies of various inhalational general anesthetics and impacts the partial-pressure of the drug utilized by healthcare providers during ...