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On 1 November 2020, PADI Open Water Diver Linnea Rose Mills [1] drowned during a training dive in Lake McDonald in Glacier National Park, Montana, while using an unfamiliar and defective equipment configuration, with excessive weights, no functional dry suit inflation mechanism, and a buoyancy compensator too small to support the weights, which were not configured to be ditched in an emergency.
"Drowning is the process of experiencing respiratory impairment from submersion/immersion in liquid". [8] Near drowning is the survival of a drowning event involving unconsciousness or water inhalation and can lead to serious secondary complications, including death, after the event.
diving at altitude – diving in water whose surface pressure is significantly below sea level pressure – for example, Lake Titicaca is at 3,800 m (12,500 ft). Versions of decompression tables for altitudes exceeding 300 m (980 ft), or dive computers with high-altitude settings or surface pressure sensors may be used to reduce this risk.
Diving disorders are medical conditions specifically arising from underwater diving. The signs and symptoms of these may present during a dive, on surfacing, or up to several hours after a dive. The principal conditions are decompression illness (which covers decompression sickness and arterial gas embolism ), nitrogen narcosis , high pressure ...
In the case of diving emergencies, the risk is generally of death or injury to the diver, while diving or in the water before or after diving. [1] Underwater diving is an activity in which there is a constant risk of an emergency developing. This is a situation common to many human activities.
Salt water aspiration syndrome occurs when small amounts of salt water are inhaled or aspirated, unlike drowning and near-drowning which involve intake of large volumes of water. This condition can develop subtly over the course of an underwater dive [ 1 ] or happen with a single aspiration event. [ 2 ]
Avoid diving in contaminated water. Analyse water before diving if presence of contaminants is suspected, but type and concentration is not known. If it is necessary, and depending on risk: A watertight drysuit with dry gloves and integral dry hood, and positive pressure full face diving mask will provide acceptable protection in some ...
Drowning is a leading cause of unintentional injury and death worldwide, and the highest rates are among children. Overall, drowning is the most common fatal injury among children aged 1–4 years in the USA, [8] and is the second highest cause of death altogether in that age range, after congenital defects.