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The history of Corsica in ancient times was characterised by contests for control of the island among various foreign powers. The successors of the Neolithic cultures of the island were able to maintain their distinctive traditions even into Roman times, despite the successive interventions of Etruscans , Carthaginians or Phoenicians , and Greeks .
Detailed map of Corsica and environs. Corsica was formed about 250 million years ago with the uplift of a granite backbone on the western side. About 50 million years ago sedimentary rock was pressed against this granite, forming the schists of the eastern side. It is the most mountainous island in the Mediterranean, a "mountain in the sea".
The Roman empire in the time of Hadrian (ruled AD 117–138), showing the senatorial province of Sardinia and Corsica , two islands in the central Mediterranean Sea The Nuragic civilization flourished in Sardinia from 1800 to 500 BC.
Modified medieval citadel at Calvi The Byzantine Empire in 555 AD, including Corsica. After the fall of the Western Roman Empire, Corsica was frequented by migrant peoples and corsairs, notably Vandals, who plundered and ravaged at will until the coastal settlements fell into decline and the population occupied the slopes of the mountains ...
The history of Corsica in the medieval period begins with the collapse of the Western Roman Empire and the invasions of various Germanic peoples in the fifth century AD, and ends with the complete subjection of the island to the authority of the Bank of San Giorgio in 1511.
Corsican society is a militarized society, during the Middle Ages, many Corsican men had been part of Condottiere troops in the service of various kingdoms and empires in Europe. [31] This was probably due to the fact that Corsica, deprived of wealth resources, could only enrich itself at the time through its inhabitants waging war.
The kingdom was a part of the Crown of Aragon and initially consisted of the islands of Sardinia and a claim to the island of Corsica, sovereignty over both of which was claimed by the papacy, which granted them as a fief, the Regnum Sardiniae et Corsicae (Kingdom of Sardinia and Corsica), [nb 1] to King James II of Aragon in 1297.
Aléria (French pronunciation:; Ancient Greek: Ἀλαλίη / Ἀλλαλία, [3] Alalíē/Allalía; Latin and Italian: Aleria; Corsican: U Cateraghju) is a commune in the Haute-Corse department of France on the island of Corsica, former bishopric and present Latin Catholic titular see. It includes the easternmost point in Metropolitan France.