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Bézier surfaces are a species of mathematical spline used in computer graphics, computer-aided design, and finite element modeling. As with Bézier curves, a Bézier surface is defined by a set of control points. Similar to interpolation in many respects, a key difference is that the surface does not, in general, pass through the central ...
The mathematical basis for Bézier curves—the Bernstein polynomials—was established in 1912, but the polynomials were not applied to graphics until some 50 years later when mathematician Paul de Casteljau in 1959 developed de Casteljau's algorithm, a numerically stable method for evaluating the curves, and became the first to apply them to computer-aided design at French automaker Citroën ...
The term may refer to the solid object or to its surface, depending on the context. The equations below specify the surface; the solid is specified by replacing the equality signs by less-than-or-equal signs. The superquadrics include many shapes that resemble cubes, octahedra, cylinders, lozenges and spindles, with rounded or sharp corners. [1]
In mathematics, a quadric or quadric surface (quadric hypersurface in higher dimensions), is a generalization of conic sections (ellipses, parabolas, and hyperbolas).It is a hypersurface (of dimension D) in a (D + 1)-dimensional space, and it is defined as the zero set of an irreducible polynomial of degree two in D + 1 variables; for example, D = 1 in the case of conic sections.
Because they satisfy a quadratic constraint, they establish a one-to-one correspondence between the 4-dimensional space of lines in and points on a quadric in (projective 5-space). A predecessor and special case of Grassmann coordinates (which describe k -dimensional linear subspaces, or flats , in an n -dimensional Euclidean ...
(Note that although it looks like the bi-cubic interpolation approaches a sphere, an actual sphere is quadric.) Visual difference between sphere (green) and Catmull-Clark subdivision surface (magenta) from a cube. The Catmull–Clark algorithm is a technique used in 3D computer graphics to create curved surfaces by using subdivision surface ...
In 3D computer graphics, a Doo–Sabin subdivision surface is a type of subdivision surface based on a generalization of bi-quadratic uniform B-splines, whereas Catmull-Clark was based on generalized bi-cubic uniform B-splines. The subdivision refinement algorithm was developed in 1978 by Daniel Doo and Malcolm Sabin. [1] [2]
An example Bézier triangle with control points marked. A cubic Bézier triangle is a surface with the equation (,,) = (+ +) = + + + + + + + + +where α 3, β 3, γ 3, α 2 β, αβ 2, β 2 γ, βγ 2, αγ 2, α 2 γ and αβγ are the control points of the triangle and s, t, u (with 0 ≤ s, t, u ≤ 1 and s + t + u = 1) are the barycentric coordinates inside the triangle.