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A Roberts loom in a weaving shed in the United Kingdom in 1835. The nature of the Industrial Revolution's impact on living standards in Britain is debated among historians, with Charles Feinstein identifying detrimental impacts on British workers, whilst other historians, including Peter Lindert and Jeffrey Williamson claim the Industrial Revolution improved the living standards of British ...
In Condition, Engels argues that the Industrial Revolution made workers worse off.He shows, for example, that in large industrial cities such as Salford, Manchester and Liverpool, mortality from disease (such as smallpox, measles, scarlet fever and whooping cough) was four times that in the surrounding countryside, and mortality from convulsions was ten times as high.
Harsh working conditions were prevalent long before the Industrial Revolution took place. Pre-industrial society was very static and often cruel— child labour , dirty living conditions, and long working hours were just as prevalent before the Industrial Revolution.
The working conditions for "drawers" exemplify some of the changes following the Industrial Revolution. The Condition-of-England question was a debate in the Victorian era over the issue of the English working class during the Industrial Revolution. It was first proposed by Thomas Carlyle in his essay Chartism (1839).
One early history of factory legislation described the testimony presented in Sadler's report as "one of the most valuable collections of evidence on industrial conditions that we possess" [6] and excerpts from the testimony are given in many source books on the Industrial Revolution and factory reform and on multiple websites, together with commentary drawing the intended conclusions.
An 1876 illustration of children working in a British textile factory. When the Industrial Revolution began, manufacturers used children as a workforce. [1] Children often worked the same 12-hour shifts as adults, but they could work shifts as long as 14 hours. [2] [3] [4] By the 1820s, 50% of English workers were under the age of 20.
Friedrich Engels, author of The Condition of the Working Class in England. The Industrial Revolution, which occurred between the mid-18th and mid-19th centuries, led to an increase in Britain's urban population and economic output due to the modernisation of manufacturing and technology.
The Factory Acts were a series of acts passed by the Parliament of the United Kingdom beginning in 1802 to regulate and improve the conditions of industrial employment. The early acts concentrated on regulating the hours of work and moral welfare of young children employed in cotton mills but were effectively unenforced until the Factory Act ...